Lecture 6: Louse infestations Flashcards
(137 cards)
1
Q
What insect is wingless, dorsoventrally flattened
A
Lice (phthiraptera)
2
Q
Lice are obligate ___ of birds and mammals
A
Ectoparasites
3
Q
What is pediculosis
A
Infestation with lice
4
Q
T or F: lice have high host specificity
A
True
5
Q
T or F: entire lifecycle of lice is completed on the host
A
True
6
Q
Eggs (nits) of lice are attached to ___ of host
A
Hairs or feathers
7
Q
Are lice hemi or homometabolous
A
Hemimetabolous metamorphosis
8
Q
How many nymphal in stars are there in lice life cycle
A
3
9
Q
T or F: lice nymphs resemble adults in appearance and behavior
A
True
10
Q
How many weeks does it take lice to complete one generation
A
3-4 weeks
11
Q
How is lice transmitted
A
Direct contact
12
Q
What type of lice are anoplura
A
Suckling lice
13
Q
What do anoplura lice infest
A
Only mammals
14
Q
What do anoplura lice feed on
A
Blood
15
Q
Are Anoplura lice slow or fast moving
A
Slow
16
Q
Describe the head and prothorax of the Anoplura lice
A
Head is narrower than prothorax
17
Q
Which type of lice have the protrusible piercing mouth parts
A
Anoplura
18
Q
What type of lice are chewing/biting lice
A
Mallophaga
19
Q
What do mallophaga infest
A
Birds and mammals
20
Q
What do mallophaga lice feed on
A
Feathers, epidermal scales, sebum, blood
21
Q
Are Mallophaga slow or fast
A
Fast
22
Q
Describe the head and prothorax of the Mallophaga
A
Head is broader than prothorax
23
Q
What type of mouth parts do Mallophaga have
A
Manidbulate mouthparts
24
Q
is the following a suckling or chewing/biting lice
A
Suckling (head smaller than prothorax)
25
Is the following a suckling or chewing/biting lice
Chewing/biting lice (head is broader than prothorax)
26
label 1-7
1. Cibarial pump
2. Pharynx
3. Oesophagus
4. Proboscis armed with teeth
5. Stylets
6. Muscles
7. Stylet sac
27
Pediculosis infestation ares more prevalent in…
Young, old, malnourished or sick animals
Or hosts living under unsanitary or crowded conditions
28
What can mild to moderate pediculosis cause
Pruritis and dermatitis—> scratching, rubbing and biting
Poor hair, feather and body condition
Restlessness and disruption of feeding, sleeping
29
What are severe pediculosis infestations associated with
Alopecia, production losses, secondary bacterial infections, anemia, death
30
What type of lice cause anemia
Suckling
31
T or F: lice can transmit pathogens or parasitic worms
True
32
How can you diagnostically differentiate between biting or suckling lice
Biting lice move quickly and suckling lice move slower.
Mouthparts of suckling lice can be embedded in skin
33
What are some treatment options for louse infestations
Insecticides or antiparasitic drugs
34
What are some examples of effective antiparasitic drugs against louse infestations
Ivermectin, selamectin
35
How can you prevent and control louse infestations
Disinfect the environment and fomites, prevent clean or recently treated animals from exposure to infested fomites, animals, environments
36
How many species are there of poultry lice
12
37
Are lice of poultry chewing or suckling
Chewing
38
T or F: pathogens can be transmitted by poultry lice
False
39
What can heavy infestations of poultry lice result in
Feather loss, lameness, reduced weight gain, decreased reproductive/laying performance, death
40
Menacanthus stramineus is a chicken body louse or shaft louse
Chicken body louse
41
Where are menacanthus straimineus found on host
Skin, especially sparsely feathered vent, breast and thigh regions
42
Are menopon gallinae chicken body louse or shaft louse
Shaft louse
43
Where are menopon gallinae found on host
Rest of feather shafts, run onto body when disturbed
44
What is predilection site for menopon gallinae
Breast and thighs
45
What type of lice have eggs attached individually or in clusters to base of feathers in the breast and thigh regions
Menopon gallinae
46
How many species of chewing and suckling louse affect dogs
2 chewing and 1 suckling
47
How many species of chewing louse effect cats
1
48
What type of lice is linognathus setosus
Dog sucking louse
49
What is the predilection site for linognathus setosus
Head, neck, shoulders, especially under collar
50
Heavy infestations of linognathus setosus can cause ___
Anemia, especially in younger animals
51
What type of lice is the trichodectes canis
Dog chewing lice
52
Where are trichodectes canis commonly found on host
Head, neck, tail region attached to the base of hairs
Congregates around orifices and wounds seeking moisture
53
What is trichodectes canis and intermediate host for
Tapeworm dipylidium caninum
54
What type of lice is Felicia subrostratus
Cat chewing louse
55
What is the predilection site for Felicola subrostratus
Face, back, pinnae
56
Pediculosis of Felicolasubrostratus is generally only seen in what cats
Elderly or chronically ill
57
How many species of sucking and chewing lice affect cattle
5 suckling and 1 chewing
58
What type of cattle lice don’t increase in colder weather
Tail louse
59
What are heavy cattle lice infestations associated with
Severe pruritis, frequent rubbing, alopecia, skin trauma, low weight gain or milk production
60
What are linognathus vituli
Long nosed cattle louse
61
Where can linognathus vituli commonly be found on host
Skin of head, neck, and dewlap
62
What are haematopinus eurysternus
Short nosed cattle louse
63
What is the predilection site for haematopinus eurysternus
Head, neck, dewlap and base of tail
64
Haematopinus eurysternus are more commonly found on what type of cattle
Mature cattle
65
Where is haematopinus eurysternus more prevalent in U.S.
Great Plains and Rocky Mountain regions
66
What is solenopotes capillatus
Little blue cattle louse
67
What is the smallest of the suckling lice to infest cattle
Solenopotes capillatus
68
Where are solenopotes capillatus usually found on host
Head, neck, shoulders, dewlap, back and tail
69
What are haematopinus quadripertusus
Cattle tail louse
70
Where are haematopinus quadripertusus commonly found in U.S.
Tropics and subtropics- Florida, gulf coast, Southern California
71
What is the predilection site for haematopinus quadripertusus
Tail and perineum
72
When are haematopinus quadripertusus most prevalent (seasonally)
Summer
73
Haematopinus quadripertusus nymphs can be spread between animals by ___
Flies
74
What host species does damalinia bovis infest
Cattle
75
What type of louse is the damalinia bovis
Cattle chewing louse
76
Linognathus vituli, haematopinus eurysternus, solenopotes capillatus, and haematopinus quadripertusus are examples of sucking (Anoplura) or chewing (Mallophaga) lice
Sucking, Anoplura
77
What species of cattle louse have dark transverse bands on abdomen
Damalinia Bo is
78
Where are damalinia Boris louse commonly found on host
Head, neck, shoulders, back, rump
79
T or F: damalinia bovis louse are capable of parthenogenesis
True
80
How many species of suckling and chewing lice do sheep have
4 suckling and 1 chewing
81
How many species of suckling lice and chewing lice do goats have
3 suckling, 3 chewing
82
Heavy louse infestations of sheep and goats result in what
Intense pruritis with frequent rubbing, self-excoriation, alopecia, dermatitis
83
___lice may cause anemia in young sheep or goats
Sucking
84
Louse infestations of sheep and goats increase during periods of ___weather
Cold
85
What type of louse is damalinia ovis
Sheep chewing louse
86
What is the predilection site for damalinia ovis
Back, neck and shoulders
87
What does it mean when a damalinia ovis is active
Roams in wool all over body
88
An infestation of damalinia ovis can reduce the quantity and quality of ___ produced
Wool
89
What are linognathus ovillus
Sheep face louse, Anoplura (sucking)
90
What is the predilection site for linognathus ovillus
Face
91
Linognathus ovillus serves as a vector for ____
Mycoplasma ovis
92
What is linognathus pedalis
Sheep foot louse, Anoplura (sucking)
93
What is the predilection sire for linognathus pedalis
Feet, legs, and belly
94
What is linognathus africanus
African blue louse, Anoplura (sucking) of sheep and goats
95
Where is linognathus africanus commonly found in world
Tropical and subtropical climates
U.S. southwestern, western and southern states
96
Where are linognathus africanus commonly found on host
Back and ribs of sheep
Body, head, neck of goats
97
What is linognathus stenopsis
Goat sucking louse
98
What type of goats does linognathus stenopsis commonly infest
Short haired, angora breeds
99
Where are linognathus stenopsis that infest sheep commonly found
Hind legs and back
100
Are damalinia or goats Mallophaga or Anoplura
Mallophaga
101
What is Damilina Caprae
Goat biting louse
102
Damalinia caprae are more common in what type of goats
Short haired
103
How many species of sucking and chewing louse are present in horses
1 sucking and 1 chewing
104
Heavy infestations of lice in equines can result in what
Severe pruritis, nervousness and irritability, kicking and stamping, rubbing, self-excoriation, alopecia
105
How are lice of equids transmitted
Direct contact and also via contaminated grooming equipment, blankets and tack
106
T or F: lice of equids can transmit pathogens
False
107
What is damalinia equi
Horse chewing louse
108
Where are damalinia equi commonly found on host
Neck, flanks, and tail base
109
When are the numbers of damalinia equi greatest (seasonally)
Winter when coat is most dense
110
___haired breeds are more prone to infestations of damalinia equi
Long haired
111
What is haematopinus asini
Horse sucking louse
112
What is the predilection site for haematopinus asini
Sites with coarse hair: forelock, mane, tail base, fetlock
113
Heavy infestations of haematopinus asini can cause what
Anemia, loss of appetite, weight and vitality
114
What is haematopinus suis
Hog louse
115
Where are haematopinus suis commonly found on host
Areas of thin skin, neck, jowl, flank, inner side of legs, ears
116
Heavy infestations of haematopinus suis can result in
Intense pruritis, dermatitis, rubbing, scratching, hair loss, restlessness, weight loss, anemia in piglets
117
Haematopinus suis is a vector for ___
Swine pox virus
118
What broad group of lice is this and how do you know
Anoplura- suckling lice, the head is narrow than the prothorax
119
What broad group of lice is this and how do you know
Mallophaga- chewing lice, head is wider than prothorax
120
what type of lice is this:
Found on skin, sparsely feathered vent, breast and thigh regions of poultry
And is it chewing or sucking lice
Mencanthus stramineus (chicken body louse)
Chewing
121
What type of lice is this?
Found on Brest and thighs of poultry and rest on feather shafts.
Is it chewing or sucking
Menopan gallinae (shaft louse)
Chewing
122
What type of lice is this?
Infests domestic dogs and other canids. Predilection site: head, neck, shoulder, especially under collar.
Is it sucking or chewing
Lingonathus setosus
123
What type of lice is this?
Infests dogs, often found on head neck and tail.
Intermediate host for tapeworm: Dipylidium caninum
And is it chewing or sucking
Trichiodectes canis
Chewing
124
What type of lice is this?
Infests cats, predilection for face, back and pinnae. Generally seen in elderly or chronically ill
Is it chewing or suckling
Felicola subrostratus
Chewing
125
What type of lice is this? Found on cattle, body is extended upright while feeding
Prefers skin of head, neck and dewlap
Chewing or sucking
Linognathus vituli
Sucking
126
What type of lice is this? Found on cattle, predilection for head, neck, dewlap and base of tail
More commonly found on mature cattle
More prevalent in Rocky Mountains and Great Plains
Sucking or chewing
Haematopinus eurysternus
Sucking
127
What type of lice is this?
Infests cattle, smallest of sucking lice for cattle. Also called the little blue cattle louse
Chewing or sucking
Solenopotes capillatus
128
What type of lice is this?
Found on cattle in the tropics and subtropics. Predilection for tail and perineum. Most abundant during
summer
Chewing or suckling
Haematopinus quadripertusus
129
What type of lice is this?
Found on cattle, capable of parthenogenesis
Chewing or sucking
Damalinia bovis
Chewing
130
what type of lice is this?
Infests sheep
Predilection for back, neck and shoulders, active
Damalinia ovis
Chewing
131
What type of lice is this?
Infests sheep
Predilection for the face
Vector for mycoplasma ovis
Sucking or chewing
Linognathus ovillus
Sucking
132
What type of lice is this?
Infests sheep, predilection for feet, legs and belly. Can infest goats. Can survive ~1 week off host
Chewing or sucking
Linognathus pedalis
Sucking
133
What type of lice is this?
Infests sheep and goats
Primarily found in tropics and subtropics
Prefers back and ribs of sheep and body, neck and head of goats
Chewing or sucking
Linognathus Africanus
Sucking
134
What type of lice is this
Infests goats, primarily short haired and angora breeds
Typically found on hind legs and back
Chewing or sucking
Linognathus stenopsis
Sucking
135
What type of lice is this?
Infests equids
Prefers neck, flanks and tail base
Long-haired breeds more prone
Chewing or sucking
Damalinia equi
Chewing
136
What type of lice is this
Infests horses
Predilection for sites with coarse hair
Sucking or chewing
Haematopinus asini
Sucking
137
What type of lice is this?
Infests swine
Vector of swine pox virus
Suspected vector of African swine fever and mycoplasma ovis
Chewing or sucking
Haematopinus suis
Sucking
