Flashcards in Lecture 9 Deck (62)
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1
Pathogens that produce disease both inside and outside the GIT
E.coli and Salmonella
2
Pathogens that cause disease only inside GIT
Shigella,Vibrio, Campyobacter, H pylori
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Pathogens present in GIT but cause disease only outside
Kebsiella group, Pseudomonas, Bacteroids
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G- rods belong to what family?
enterobacteriacea- primarily in colon of humans and animals as normal flora
5
Do gram - rods rely on oxygen?
all are facultative anaerobes except pseudomonas which is an obligate aerobe
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What do Gram - rods have on their cell wall?
Endotoxin
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What does E.coli cause?
Urinary trac infections, travelers diarrhea and neonatal sepsis
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Where is E.coli normal flora found?
in colon and feces
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How do Gram - move?
move with single flagellum and plenty of pili
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Pathogenicity of E.coli
adheres to mucous membranes of jejunum and ilium by pili causes intestinal, systemic and urinary infections- some strains cause watery diarrhea and some cause bloody diarrhea
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What is the most frequent nasocomial infection?
UTI- due to indwelling catheters
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What other type of infection can E.coli cause from UTI?
infection of bladder known as cystitis- pyelonephritis can occur if infection goes further up
13
Symptoms of bladder infections
frequent urination along with feeling of need to urinate, nocturne, pain in pubic area, hematuria
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Symptoms of Urethritis
discomfort, irritation or pain at urethral meatus or burning sensation on urination, pyuria, pyrexia, cloudy and foul urine
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Symptoms of kidney infection
symptoms from urethritis as well as emesis, back/side pain, abdominal pain, high spiking fever, night sweats and fatigue
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What E.coli looks like on a lab diagnosis when serious infection
pink colony- ferments lactose
urine examination shows pus cells
17
What is travelers diarrhea due to?
drinking water that has been contaminated by sewage
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What is neonatal sepsis due to?
presence of E.coli in vagina of pregnant women
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Treatment for GIT infection
no treatment, self-limiting, supplemental fluid may be necessary
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Treatment for UTI infection
Oral trimethoprim and sulphamethoxazole/cephalosprin and amino glycoside
21
presence of what organism in drinking water is indicative of sewage contamination?
coliform organism
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What can be done to remove coliform organisms from water?
chlorination of water
23
gram - rod that causes typhoid fever
Salmonella-- only through ingestion
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How does salmonella move?
has a ton of flagellum
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typhoidal species
S.Typhi and S.Paratyphi are fever producing
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non typhoidal species
diarrhea producing- Salm. Typhi murium is most common cause of diarrhea in US
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Mode of transmission of salmonella
ingestion of food and water contaminated with human or animal waste
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Is there an animal source of transmission for S. Typhi?
No- only human
29
So typhoid fever is mainly due to...?
water contamination with fecal materials- not animal source
30