Flashcards in Midterm Review Deck (96):
1
produce lesions inside and outside GIT
e.coli, salmonella
2
bacteria in GIT but produce lesions outside only
proteas, pseudomonas, bacteroids
3
bacteria gram - associated with respiratory tract
H. influenza, pertussis, legionella
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G - rod with wide polysaccharide capsule
H. influenza
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capsulated organisms
pneumococci, meningococci, h. influenza
6
all produce meningitis
pneumococci, meningococci, h. influena
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What type of influenza are we concerned with?
Type B
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what causes cleaning of mucous membrane so bacteria can attach?
IgA protease
9
What is the leading cause of meningitis in children?
H. influenza
10
What can H. influenza cause in older people
pneumonia
11
syphilis lab test
RPR test
12
tuberculosis lab test
sputum test
13
Treatment for H. influenza
Ceftrioxone
14
organism that produces beta lactamase
staph aureus
15
common H. influenza vaccine given to babies
HIB vaccine
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if you are 5 or 8 years old meningitis is mostly due to what?
pneumococci
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If meningitis when 10 years old, most likely due to what?
meningococci
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What is the appearance of gonococci/meningococci?
diplococci, red (gram -), kidney shaped
19
define dysphagia
difficulty swallowing
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define dysuria
painful urination
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define dyspnea
difficulty breathing
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difference between diarrhea and dysentry
diarrhea is watery stool and dysentry is stool that is less watery and mixed with blood and mucous
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What cause bacillary dysentry?
Shigella
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Transmission of Shigella?
human to human transmission in the fecal- oral route
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Is shigella motile?
NO
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does Shigella have a high virulence?
YES
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What are the 4 F's in Shigella?
fingers, flies, food, feces
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Where is Shigella located?
exclusively in the GIT
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What is the pathogenesis of Shigella?
causes ulcerations- do not penetrate gut wall and do not enter the blood stream
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Clinical Manifestations of Shigella?
fever, abdominal cramps, dysentry, resolves in 2 to 3 days
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Treatment for Shigella
fluids and electrolytes in milder cases and cipro in more severe cases
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Is there a vaccine for Shigella?
NO
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What bacterias produce spores
Bacillus (Anthrax, Cereus), Clostridium (tetani, Botulinum, Perfringens, dificile)
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Which group is Acid Fast Bacillus?
Tuberculosis
35
Common cause of UTI in women?
E. coli
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What are the later complications of Streptococci sore throat?
rheumatic fever - may cause damage to heart and joints
37
Peculiarity of arthritis in rheumatic fever?
migratory
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clinical manifestations of streptococcal infection?
scarlet fever, sore throat, no cough, impetigo
39
What is impetigo?
streptococcus or staphylococcus aureus infection- contagious skin infection that produces blisters or sores on face, neck, hands, diaper area
40
What is acute glomerulo nephritis?
follows streptococcal skin infections after three weeks- causes hypertension, edema of face and ankles and smoky urine
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Diseases produced from complications of strep pneumonia
meningitis, otitis media-- normally causes lobar pneumonia
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Complications of typhoid fever
ulcers deep in the gut that can perforate and cause intestinal hemorrhaging- gall bladder infection in chronic carrier state
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What organism causes typhoid fever?
Salmonella
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Is Salmonella motile?
YES
45
What is the course for salmonella typhi?
human only- no animal source
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How is S. Typhi transmitted?
ingestion of food and water contaminated with human waste
47
What diseases have no vaccines available?
gonorrhea, gas gangrene, Cl dificile, lysteria bacteria, Chlamydia, Syphilis
48
What organism causes Q fever?
Coxiella burnetti
49
Mode of transmission for Q fever?
inhalation- even miles away
50
Who spreads Q fever?
partruition animals, amniotic fluid, placenta, urine, feces
51
What organism causes rocky mountain spotted fever?
Ricketti
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What is rocky mountain spotted fever spread by?
dog tick
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symptoms of rocky mountain spotted fever?
flu like symptoms with rash, hemorrhaging on hands and feet that moves to trunk- delirium and coma are bad cases
54
What STD is transmitted from mother to baby?
Gonorrhea, Chlamydia, Syphilis
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What infection can get through contact lenses?
Pseudomonas
56
Organisms transmitted by sexual contact
Gonorrhea, Chlamydia, Syphilis,
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What organism produces syphilis?
Treponema
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What diseases are transmitted through a human louse?
Thyphus fever, Borerlia
59
Source of infection for Typhoid
from other humans-- NOT animals or soil
60
What organism do we get from reheated rice?
B Cereus
61
Ghon's lesion
get in TB with lymph node in mediastinum
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Malignant pustule
Anthrax B skin
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Wool Sorters Disease
anthrax- inhalation from hides, skin, wool and bristles
64
Reiters syndrome
can't see, can't pee, can't climb a tree- arthritis of joints- usually from STDS
65
scalded skin syndrome
staph aureus
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Jarish Hexheimer reaction
antibiotic used to kill syphilis but then all dead bacteria is there and produces a reaction- fever
67
Hutchinsen's Triad
later symptoms of syphilis- depressed nose, notched teeth, interstitial keratitis, and nerve deafness
68
What does Trachoma cause?
chronic infection of conjunctival mucous membranes in the eye
69
What bacteria produces Trachoma
Chlamydia Trachomatis
70
What do types D-K of Trachomatis produce>
genital tract infections- urethritis
71
What does type L of trachomatis produce?
LGV- painful ulcers
72
What is the scrofula-gland enlargement of the neck?
a form of TB
73
Waterhouse Freidrichen syndrome?
hemorrhage in septic meningitis
74
In what disease do you get the Bulls eye?
Lyme disease- Borrelia burgdorferi
75
Pott's disease
TB that affects the spine
76
most common sexually transmitted disease
Chlamydia
77
Toxin or enzyme produced by Treponema pallidum
No toxin or enzyme!
78
What produces peptic ulcers?
H. pylori
79
What grows on disinfectant solutions?
Pseudomonas
80
What organism produces beta lactamase?
staph aureus
81
Infectious diseases that are not communicable
H. pylori, tetanus
82
What bacteria comes from rabbits
Tularemia
83
Test to diagnosis syphilis
RPR - blood test
84
What disease is caused by campylobacter?
enterocholitis
85
source of infection of campylobacter
puppies
86
What is the reservoir of Borrelia?
small mammals like white footed mouse, deer
87
How is Borrelia transmitted among animals?
tick bite
88
What is the most common vector born disease in US?
Borrelia
89
How long does the tick have to feed on our skin to produce infection?
24-48 hours
90
Stages of tick bite
1. red rash with clear white center. 2. cardiac/neurologic involvement- bells palsy 3. arthritis of large joints, CNS disease
91
Treatment for lyme disease
stage 1- doxy/amoxycilin
stage 2 or later- pen G, ceftrioxone
92
Treatment for tuberculosis
6 months of INF, rifampin, ethambutal, pyrazinamide
93
Sewage workers are prone to getting what disease?
rate urine fever---leptospira
94
Side effect when treatment with gentamycin
deafness
95
Gram stained smear shows pink colored kidney shaped diplococci from CSF what is it?
meningococci
96