lesson 4- cell membrane

Question 1

selectively permeable (hint: trump on immigration boooo!!)

Answer 1

allows some substances into the cell while preventing others from entering the cell

Question 2

what is the cell membrane composed of?

Answer 2

a phospholipid bilayer

Question 3

phospholipid bilayer

Answer 3

composed of a phosphate group and diglyceride (double lipid tail)

Question 4

phosphate

Answer 4

• polar
• water soluble (hydrophilic)

Question 5

diglyceride

Answer 5

is non- polar and thus water insoluble (hydrophobic)

Question 6

hydrophilic

Answer 6

end positions itself towards the outside and inside of the cell

Question 7

fluid mosaic model

Answer 7

proteins embedded in phospholipid bilayer

Question 7

hydrophobic

Answer 7

lipid tails face inwards, creating the interior of the cell membrane

Question 8

solute

Answer 8

substance that is dissolved

Question 9

solvent

Answer 9

substance that does the dissolving

Question 10

particle model of matter

Answer 10

1. all matter made up of particles
2. particles in matter are constantly moving (adding or taking away energy will affect movement of particles
3. particles of matter are attracted to each other or bonded
4. Particles have spaces between them that are smallest in solids and largest in gases (excluding ice)

Question 11

diffusion

Answer 11

movement of particles from high concentration area to low concentration area

Question 12

Why does diffusion occur?

Answer 12

kinetic energy and random motion

Question 13

particles in diffusion do what?

Answer 13

move along a concentration gradient until equilibrium is reached

Question 14

hypotonic

Answer 14

solution has lower concentration of solute than another solution

Question 15

isotonic

Answer 15

solution has the same concentration as another solution

Question 16

hypertonic

Answer 16

solution has a higher concentration of solute as another solution

Question 17

solute will always

Answer 17

diffuse from hypertonic to hypotonic

Question 18

osmosis

Answer 18

diffusion of water across a cell membrane

Question 19

when does osmosis occur?

Answer 19

when a solute cannot pass through a cell membrane, but the water can through high concentration to low concentration

Question 20

water in osmosis always moves from

Answer 20

hypotonic to hypertonic

Question 21

types of transport

Answer 21

active and passive

Question 22

example of diffusion

Answer 22

small non-polar molecules like oxygen moving from a concentration gradient

Question 23

what goes on during facilitated diffusion??

Answer 23

substances move through proteins that help larger molecules move to cross the membrane. still like normal diffusion they just get extra help

Question 24

active transport

Answer 24

substances move from area of lower concentration outside of the cell to area of higher concentration

Question 25

energy in active transport comes from a substance called??

Answer 25

ATP

Question 26

endocytosis

Answer 26

vesicles (hehe) formed around a particle taking particle into cell

Question 27

exocytosis

Answer 27

vesicles pushed to the cell membrane, rupturing vesicle and releasing contents to the outside