lesson 6- plant cells, tissues, and systems Flashcards
(17 cards)
meristems
produce root and shoot tissue
- also have high rates of mitosis and site of growth
dermal tissue (epidermis)
outer layer of cells including waxy cuticle in order to prevent water loss
phloem (vascular tissue)
transports sugars from leaves (produced by photosynthesis) to other parts of the plant
ground tissue
layer beneath dermal tissue that strengthens and supports, stores water, nutrients
vascular tissue
transport of materials
xylem (vascular tissue)
moves water and dissolves nutrients from root to stem and the leaves
- used in photosynthesis
sieve tube cells
forms the phloem, continuous tubes with tiny holes in them through which cytoplasm extends
companion cell
connected to sieve tube cells
an example of some of the sugars transported through the phloem get stored in..
roots (carrots)
stems (ginger)
leaves (green onions)
upper epidermis
-transparent allowing light to pass through with few or no chloroplasts
- upper surface covered by waxy, waterproof cuticle
palisade layer
beneath upper epidermis and contains many chloroplasts.
-carries out most of the photosynthesis for the leaf
spongy leaf
beneath palisade layer
-contains few chloroplasts (some photosynthesis)
- primarily used for storage of sugars and amino acids from palisade layer
mesophyll
comprised between the palisade tissue and the spongy layer
lower epidermis
similar in composition to upper epidermis (has cuticle)
- contains several tiny pores called stomata which allows carbon dioxide to enter leaf and oxygen to exit leaf
stomata in a leaf are flanked with what cell
guard cells
roots
absorb water and soil minerals
root hairs
tiny projections increasing surface area for absorption
