MATC 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Body temp maintained

A

with help of water , sweat, as insulator, etc.
hyphothalamus in the brain regulates temperature
98

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2
Q

efferent means

A

away

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3
Q

afferent

A

towards

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4
Q

potential vs kinetic energy

A

stored, in use

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5
Q

contact inhibition

A

when cells stop doing mitosis when they run into each other

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6
Q

tight junctions vs gap junctions

A

cell membranes joined together tightly forming impermeable membrane,

hollow tubes, space to allow ions to pass

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7
Q

Kinase def

A

An enzyme that activates other molecules by phosphorylizing them!

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8
Q

Microscope parts

A
  • resolving power
  • magnification
  • ocular lens
  • compound microscope
  • monocular lens
  • binocular microscope
  • ocular micrometer
  • objective lens
  • stage
  • condenser
  • diaphragm
  • iris
  • coarse focus
  • fine focus
  • scanning power
  • magnification
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9
Q

types of microscopes

A

monocular lens

compound: high magnification, uses compound lens system

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10
Q

CHONPs

A

important hydrocarbons in our body also contain hydrogen, nitrogen, phosphorus

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11
Q

-OSE suffix means its a

A

sugar

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12
Q

hexoses important for us

A
  • glucose– most common, most others turned into this as our cells use it as main energy source (cellular respiration)
  • fructose
  • galactose

C6H12O6

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13
Q

dissacarides

A

are 2 mono saccharides joined together by dehydration synthesis

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14
Q

Sucrose made up of

A

1 glucose + 1 fructose

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15
Q

Maltose made of

A

2 Glucose (found in beer)

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16
Q

Lactose

A

1 glucose + 1 galactose

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17
Q

Dehydration synthesis

A

forming a bond while loosing a water molecule, occurs when polymers are being made

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18
Q

polymers of glucose found in plants and animals

A

Starch- from plants

Glycogen- animal sugar storage

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19
Q

Explain negative feedback loop

A

low blood sugar-> liver cells break down glycogen -> individual glucose units released into blood -> blood sugar rises

20
Q

Fn of carbohydrates

A

1- energy source
2- converted to glycogen orfat
3- structural purposes (ie cell wall)

21
Q

lipids have more potential energy because

A

in the bonds they have lower % of Oxygens,

22
Q

Lipids “building blocks”

A

fatty acids (backbone) and glycerol (backbone)

23
Q

Saturated vs unsaturated triglycerides

A

is it saturated w hydrogens?

each carbon in saturated has 2 hydrogens

in unsaturated some C can have only 1 H

24
Q

Triglycerides fn

A
  • energy source
  • thermal insulator
  • protect organs
25
phospholipid fn
-basic structure of cell membrane
26
cholesterol fn
- stability of cell membrane | - production of all steroid molecules
27
steroid fn
-chemical messengers
28
some biologically important lipid molecules that were listed in notes
- bile acids - eicosanoids (cell communicators) - dietary fats (absorbing vitamins)
29
Inorganic compounds (list)
- water - salts - acid and base buffers
30
Special characteristics of water (list) (5)
- high heat capacity (for insulating) - high heat of vaporization (for cooling) - polarity making it the universal solvent - highly reactive (often used to break or make bond- Hydrolysis and dehydration synthesis - adhesion to other molecules and itself- lots of pulling action
31
Solvent vs solute
solvent: the "liquid" part of a solution | The solute is the "solid" part of a solution
32
Overview of polymer fn
-energy storage (eventually broken into smaller subunits for use)
33
Ionic compounds do
-conduct electricity (Na and K important in nerve impulses and muscle movement) -attract to other charged particles, good for 'carrying things'(ie oxygen carried by iron ion) important to have charges in many biological functions
34
Acid vs base def
- acid: donates proton (eg H+), ' sour' | - base: acts as proton acceptor (alkaline) ie bicarbonate ion, 'bitter' 'slippery'
35
pH def
"potential of hydrogen" -the acidity or alkalinity (basic) of a solution pH=-log [H+]
36
neutral pH is
7
37
ph numbers
``` 0 Acidic 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Neutral 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Basic ```
38
Buffers def
substance in a solution that prevents pH change act as either bases of acids, depending on the situation (weak acid-base pair)
39
blood pH
7.35-7.45 if high: alkalosis if low: acidosis
40
what neutralizes stomach acid?
pancreas releasing bicarbonate
41
Classification of joints (3)
- synarthroses: immoveable (skull sutures) - amphiarthroses: slightly movable (between vertebrae) - diarthroses: highly/freely movable (shoulder, knee)
42
origin vs insertion part of a bone
in relation to movement origin- fixed, not moving insertion, attachement for the muscle, the moving part.
43
Types of Joints (3)
- Fibrous - Cartilaginous - Synovial
44
Fibrous joints (3 types)
- sutures (filled w connective fibers) - syndesmoses (connected by ligaments) - gomphoses (peg and socket) teeth
45
Cartilaginous joints (2)
- synchondroses (united by hyaline cartilage plate) | - symphyses surface covered with articular cartilage
46
synovial joints (3)
- ball and socket - hinge - pivot
47
covalent vs ionic bonds
covalent: share the bonds Ionic: