MATC 1

Question 1

Body temp maintained

Answer 1

with help of water , sweat, as insulator, etc.
hyphothalamus in the brain regulates temperature
98

Question 2

efferent means

Answer 2

away

Question 3

afferent

Answer 3

towards

Question 4

potential vs kinetic energy

Answer 4

stored, in use

Question 5

contact inhibition

Answer 5

when cells stop doing mitosis when they run into each other

Question 6

tight junctions vs gap junctions

Answer 6

cell membranes joined together tightly forming impermeable membrane,

hollow tubes, space to allow ions to pass

Question 7

Kinase def

Answer 7

An enzyme that activates other molecules by phosphorylizing them!

Question 8

Microscope parts

Answer 8

• resolving power
• magnification
• ocular lens
• compound microscope
• monocular lens
• binocular microscope
• ocular micrometer
• objective lens
• stage
• condenser
• diaphragm
• iris
• coarse focus
• fine focus
• scanning power
• magnification

Question 9

types of microscopes

Answer 9

monocular lens

compound: high magnification, uses compound lens system

Question 10

CHONPs

Answer 10

important hydrocarbons in our body also contain hydrogen, nitrogen, phosphorus

Question 11

-OSE suffix means its a

Answer 11

sugar

Question 12

hexoses important for us

Answer 12

• glucose– most common, most others turned into this as our cells use it as main energy source (cellular respiration)
• fructose
• galactose

C6H12O6

Question 13

dissacarides

Answer 13

are 2 mono saccharides joined together by dehydration synthesis

Question 14

Sucrose made up of

Answer 14

1 glucose + 1 fructose

Question 15

Maltose made of

Answer 15

2 Glucose (found in beer)

Question 16

Lactose

Answer 16

1 glucose + 1 galactose

Question 17

Dehydration synthesis

Answer 17

forming a bond while loosing a water molecule, occurs when polymers are being made

Question 18

polymers of glucose found in plants and animals

Answer 18

Starch- from plants

Glycogen- animal sugar storage

Question 19

Explain negative feedback loop

Answer 19

low blood sugar-> liver cells break down glycogen -> individual glucose units released into blood -> blood sugar rises

Question 20

Fn of carbohydrates

Answer 20

1- energy source
2- converted to glycogen orfat
3- structural purposes (ie cell wall)

Question 21

lipids have more potential energy because

Answer 21

in the bonds they have lower % of Oxygens,

Question 22

Lipids “building blocks”

Answer 22

fatty acids (backbone) and glycerol (backbone)

Question 23

Saturated vs unsaturated triglycerides

Answer 23

is it saturated w hydrogens?

each carbon in saturated has 2 hydrogens

in unsaturated some C can have only 1 H

Question 24

Triglycerides fn

Answer 24

• energy source
• thermal insulator
• protect organs

Question 25

phospholipid fn

Answer 25

-basic structure of cell membrane

Question 26

cholesterol fn

Answer 26

• stability of cell membrane

- production of all steroid molecules

Question 27

steroid fn

Answer 27

-chemical messengers

Question 28

some biologically important lipid molecules that were listed in notes

Answer 28

• bile acids
• eicosanoids (cell communicators)
• dietary fats (absorbing vitamins)

Question 29

Inorganic compounds (list)

Answer 29

• water
• salts
• acid and base buffers

Question 30

Special characteristics of water (list) (5)

Answer 30

• high heat capacity (for insulating)
• high heat of vaporization (for cooling)
• polarity making it the universal solvent
• highly reactive (often used to break or make bond- Hydrolysis and dehydration synthesis
• adhesion to other molecules and itself- lots of pulling action

Question 31

Solvent vs solute

Answer 31

solvent: the “liquid” part of a solution

The solute is the “solid” part of a solution

Question 32

Overview of polymer fn

Answer 32

-energy storage (eventually broken into smaller subunits for use)

Question 33

Ionic compounds do

Answer 33

-conduct electricity
(Na and K important in nerve impulses and muscle movement)
-attract to other charged particles, good for ‘carrying things’(ie oxygen carried by iron ion)

important to have charges in many biological functions

Question 34

Acid vs base def

Answer 34

• acid: donates proton (eg H+), ‘ sour’

- base: acts as proton acceptor (alkaline) ie bicarbonate ion, ‘bitter’ ‘slippery’

Question 35

pH def

Answer 35

“potential of hydrogen”
-the acidity or alkalinity (basic) of a solution

pH=-log [H+]

Question 36

neutral pH is

Answer 36

7

Question 37

ph numbers

Answer 37

0 Acidic
1
2
3
4
5
6
7 Neutral
8
9
10
11
12
13
14 Basic

Question 38

Buffers def

Answer 38

substance in a solution that prevents pH change

act as either bases of acids, depending on the situation (weak acid-base pair)

Question 39

blood pH

Answer 39

7.35-7.45

if high: alkalosis
if low: acidosis

Question 40

what neutralizes stomach acid?

Answer 40

pancreas releasing bicarbonate

Question 41

Classification of joints (3)

Answer 41

• synarthroses: immoveable (skull sutures)
• amphiarthroses: slightly movable (between vertebrae)
• diarthroses: highly/freely movable (shoulder, knee)

Question 42

origin vs insertion part of a bone

Answer 42

in relation to movement
origin- fixed, not moving
insertion, attachement for the muscle, the moving part.

Question 43

Types of Joints (3)

Answer 43

• Fibrous
• Cartilaginous
• Synovial

Question 44

Fibrous joints (3 types)

Answer 44

• sutures (filled w connective fibers)
• syndesmoses (connected by ligaments)
• gomphoses (peg and socket) teeth

Question 45

Cartilaginous joints (2)

Answer 45

• synchondroses (united by hyaline cartilage plate)

- symphyses surface covered with articular cartilage

Question 46

synovial joints (3)

Answer 46

• ball and socket
• hinge
• pivot

Question 47

covalent vs ionic bonds

Answer 47

covalent: share the bonds
Ionic: