Muscles and Metabolism Flashcards Preview

Anatomy & Physiology 1 > Muscles and Metabolism > Flashcards

Flashcards in Muscles and Metabolism Deck (19)
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1
Q

characteristics of muscle (5)

A
  • responsiveness
  • conductive
  • contractility
  • extensibility
  • elasticity

(also have lots of cells, highly innervated [nerves], highly vascular [blood flow])

2
Q

muscle energy conversion steps

A

chemical energy>electrical energy>mechanical energy

3
Q

Name the muscle contractile proteins

A

Actin- Thin filaments

Myosin - Thick filaments

4
Q

List the muscle organelles specific to the muscle cells

A
  • sarcolema: plasma membrane
  • sarcoplasmic reticulum: like endoplasmic reticulum
  • sarcoplasm: endoplasm
5
Q

which type of muscles can generate spontaneous contraction?

A

-cardiac and smooth muscle

6
Q

Main differences in skeletal, cardiac and smooth muscle

A

Skeletal: striated, multinucleate, “voluntary”

Smooth: uninucleate, no striations, involuntary

Cardiac: uninucleate, some striations, intercalated disks, involuntary

7
Q

What determines striations in a muscle?

A

the arrangement of the myofilaments

8
Q

What do intercalated discs do?

A

coordinate contraction (electrical conduction) in the cardiac muscle cells

9
Q

Describe peristalsis

A

movement in smooth muscled where the muscularis layers (longitudinal and circular) do alternating contractions

10
Q

Main functions of muscle (4)

A
  1. Movement
  2. Posture
  3. Stabilize joint
  4. generate heat
11
Q

Tone (definition)

A

shape of the muscle, the amount a muscle is contracted

12
Q

Parts of the Sarcomere

A
  • Z line
  • H band
  • I band
  • A band

Actin: think filaments
Myosin: thick filaments

13
Q

where in the muscle is calcium stored?

A

sarcoplasmic reticulum

14
Q

Organization level (big to small)

A

Muscle>fasiculi>myofiblils>sarcomeres>myofilaments

15
Q

Can muscle cells push?

A

No, they can only shorten (pull)

16
Q

Sliding Filament Theory

A

the contraction itself, think filaments (actin) slide past the thick filaments (myosin), bringing the z-lines together.

17
Q

Isotonic contractions

A

length changes, tone does not

ie: bicep curl

18
Q

Isometric contractions

A

length does not change, tone does
“tensing muscle”
ie: holding up a book

19
Q

“any disease of muscle” called…

A

Myopathy