Pectoralis major
O: clavicle, sternum
I: proximal humerus
fn: flex and adducts shoulder
Deltoid
O: spine and acromion process of scapula, clavicle
I: deltoid tuberosity of humerus
fn: abducts shoulder, but can flex and extend shoulder
Latissimus dorsi
O: spine process of thoracic and lumbar, sacrum, iliac crest
I:proximal humerus
fn:adducts and extends shoulder
Teres major
O: inferior angle of scapula
I: humerus
fn: rotate humerus
supraspinatus
O: supraspinous fossa
I: greater tubercle of humerus
fn: stabilize shoulder (rotator cuff)
infraspinatus
O: infraspinous fossa
I: greater tubercle of humerus
fn: stabilize shoulder (rotator cuff)
subscapularis
O: subscapular
I: greater tubercle of humerus
fn: stabilize shoulder (rotator cuff)
teres minor
O: lateral border of scapula
I:lesser tubercle of humerus
fn: stabilize shoulder joint (rotator cuff)
Rectus femoris
O: inferior iliac
I: patella and tibial tuberosity
fn: extends at knee, flex at hip
Vastus lateralis
O: linea aspera of femur
I: patella and tibial tuberosity
fn: extends at knee
vastus medialis
O: linea aspera of femur
I: patella and tibial tuberosity
fn: extend at knee
vastus intermedius
O: anterior shaft of femur
I: patella and tibial tuberosity
fn: extend at knee
Sartorious
O: iliac spine of pelvic girdle
I: medial surface of tibia
fn: flexes at knee, flexes at hip, rotates hip outward
Iliopsoas
O: vertebral column
I: femur, after crossing floor of os coxae
fn: hip flexor (deep)
Gluteus maximus
O: iliac crest, sacrum, coccyx
I: gluteal tuberosity of femur, iliotibial band
fn: extends at hip
Tensor fasciae latae
O: iliac crest
I: iliotibial band
fn: flexes at hip
Piriformis
O: sacrum, iliosacral joint
I: greater trochanter
fn: laterally rotate hip, some adduction
Gluteus medus
O: ilium
I: greater trochanter of femur
fn: ubducts at hip, medial rotation
Biceps femoris
O: ischial tuberosity, linea aspera
I: lateral proximal end of fibula and tibia
fn: flexes at knee, extends at hip
semi-tendinosus
O: Ischial tuberosity
I: medial proximal end of tibia
fn: flexes at knee, extends at hip
semi-membranosus
O: ischial tuberosity
I: medial proximal end of tibia
fn: flexes at knee, extends at hip
Pectineus
O: ischial and pubic bone
I: medial aspect of femur
fn: adduction of hip (brings lefs together at midline)
Adductor longus
O: ischial and pubic bone
I: medial aspect of femur
fn: adduction of hip (brings lefs together at midline)
Adductor magnus
O: ischial and pubic bone
I: medial aspect of femur
fn: adduction of hip (brings lefs together at midline)
Gracilis
O: pubic symphysis
I: medial surface of tibia (near top)
fn: adduction of hip, flex at knee
gastrocnemius
O: medial and lateral condyles of femur
I: calcaneus via calcaneal tendon (Achilles’ tendon)
fn: plantar flexion, flex at knee
Soleus
O: medial and lateral condyles of femur
I: calcaneus (via achilles tendon)
fn: plantar flexion
tibialis anterior
O: medial and lateral condyles of femur
I: 1st metatarsal on medial edge of foot
fn: dorsiflexion
Biceps brachii
O: coracoid process and glenoid cavity of scapula
I: radial tuberosity
fn: flex arm at elbow, abducts and flexes shoulder, supinate forearm
Brachialis
O: Lower half of anterior humerus
I: Proximal ulna
fn: Flex at elbow
brachioradialis
O: lateral epicondyle of humerus
I: styloid process of the radius
fn: flex at elbow, supinates
supinator
O: lateral epicondyle of humerus
I: proximal radius
fn: supinates
pronator teres
O: medial epicondyle of humerus
I: midway along radius
fn: pronates
triceps brachii
O: glenoid cavity of scapula, lateral and posterior portions of humerus
I: olecranon process of ulna
fn: extends at elbow, adducts and extends at shoulder
Palmaris longus
O: medial epicondyle of humerus
I: metacarpals
fn: flexes fingers
flexor carpi ulnaris
O: medial epicondyle of humerus
I: anterior surface of medial metacarpals
fn: flexes wrist, lateral flex of hand at wrist
flexor carpi radialis
O: medial epicondyle of humerus
I: andterior surface of lateral metacarpals (thumb side)
fn: flexes wrist and medial flex hand at wrist
extensor digitorum
O: lateral epicondyle of humerus
I: phalangies
fn: extends fingers
extensor carpi ulnaris
O: lateral epicondyle of humerus, proximal ulna
I: posterior surface of medial metacarpals and carpals (pnkie side)
fn: extend wrist, lateral flex of hand at wrist
extensor carpi radialis
O: lateral epicondyle of humerus
I: posterior surface of lateral metacarpals (on thumb side)
fn: extends wrist, medial flex hand at wrist
sternocleidomastoid
O: manubrium of sternum and clavicle
I: mastoid process of temporal bone
fn: flexes at neck, rotates neck (side to side)
Trapezius
O: spines of servical and thoracic vertebrae, occipital bone
I: spine of scapula and clavicle
fn: shoulder joint, depresses and adducts scapula, extends at neck (tilt back)
serratus anterior
O:
I:
fn: stabilize scapulae
rhomboid (major and minor)
O: spine of thoracic vertebrae
I: medial border of scapula
fn: stabilize scapula
Diaphragm
O: inferior border of rib cage
I:
fn: Breathing
Pectoralis minor
O:
I:
fn: breathing
Internal and external intercostals
O: border of ribs
I:
fn: breathing
Rectus abdominis
O: pubic symphysis
I: sternum and cartilage of rib cage
fn: flexes vertebrae column (bends body forward) also increases abdominal pressure when defecating, child birth
External and internal obliques
O:
I: aponeurosis and linea alba
fn: synergist w/rectus abdominis
Transverse abdominis
O:
I: aponeurosis and linea alba
fn: increases abdominal pressure (when defecating and childbirth)
erector spinae group
O:
I:
fn: extension of back (vertebral column)
Epicranius
O: cranial aponeurosis
I:
fn:
Platysma
fn: depresses the jaw
Temporalis
O: temporalis fossa
I: coronoid process
fn: elevate mandible
masseter
O: zygomatic arch
I: angle and ramus of mandible
fn: closes mouth and moves jaw from side to side (chewing)
orbicularis oculi
fn: blinking squinting
orbicularis oris
fn: close mouth
zygomaticus
fm: smiling
digastric
fn: swallowing
mylohyoid
O: mandible
I: hyoid
fn: elevates hyoid
sternohyoid
O: hyoid
I: sternum
fn:depresses hyoid
Pharyngeal constrictor group
fn: swallowing (deep)
