Medical Terminology Flashcards
(422 cards)
1
Q
Components of medical terms
A
Word root
Prefix
Suffix
Combining vowel
2
Q
Foundation of the word
A
Word root
3
Q
What occurs before the word root
A
Prefix
4
Q
What occurs after the word root
A
Suffix
5
Q
A vowel that joins one or more word roots to other components of a term
A
Combining vowel
6
Q
A prefix gives the word root a ___
A
Specific meaning
7
Q
Suffixes usually indicate ___
A
A procedure, condition, disease, or part of speech
8
Q
Cardi
A
Heart
9
Q
Hepat
A
Liver
10
Q
Nephr
A
Kidney
11
Q
Neur
A
Nerves
12
Q
Psych
A
Mind
13
Q
Thorac
A
Chest
14
Q
Hyper-
A
Over, excessive, high
15
Q
Hypo-
A
Under, below
16
Q
Tachy-
A
Rapid, fast
17
Q
Brady-
A
Slow
18
Q
Pre-
A
Before
19
Q
Post-
A
After, behind
20
Q
-al
A
Pertaining to
21
Q
-algia
A
Pertaining to pain
22
Q
-ectomy
A
Surgical removal of
23
Q
-ic
A
Pertaining to
24
Q
-itis
A
Inflammation
25
-logy
Study of
26
-logist
Specialist
27
-megaly
Enlargement
28
-meter
Measuring instrument
29
-oma
Tumor
30
-pathy
Disease
31
Usually the combining vowel is an ___, but may also be an ___ or an ___
O
I
E
32
A combining vowel is usually used when joining a ___
Suffix that begins with a consonant or when joining another word root
33
A combining vowel shown with the word root is called a ___
Combining form
34
When a term has more than one word root, a ___
Combining vowel must be placed between the two word roots, even if the second root begins with a vowel
35
Singular words that end in "a" change to ___ when plural
ae
36
Singular words that end in "is" change to ___ when plural
es
37
Singular words that end in "ex" or "ix" changed to ___ when plural
ices
38
Singular words that end in "on" or "um" change to ___ when plural
a
39
Singular words that end in "us" change to ___ when plural
i
40
Uni-
One
41
Dipl-
Two, double
42
Null-
None
43
Primi-
First
44
Multi-
Many
45
Bi-
Two
46
Tri-
Three
47
Quad-
Four
48
Tetra-
Four
49
Quint-
Five
50
Sext-
Six
51
Sept-
Seven
52
Oct-
Eight
53
Nona-
Nine
54
Deca-
Ten
55
Semi-
Half, partial
56
Hemi-
Half, one-sided
57
Ambi-
Both
58
Pan-
All, entire
59
Cyan/o
Blue
60
Leuk/o
White
61
Erythr/o
Red
62
Cirrh/o
Yellow-orange
63
Melan/o
Black
64
Poli/o
Gray
65
Alb
White
66
Chlor/o
Green
67
Ab-
Away from
68
Ad-
To, toward
69
De-
Down from, away
70
Circum-
Around, about
71
Peri-
Around
72
Trans-
Across, through, beyond
73
Epi-
Above, upon, on
74
Supra-
Above, over
75
Retro-
Behind
76
Sub-
Under, beneath
77
Infra-
Below, under
78
Para-
Near, beside, beyond, apart from
79
Contra-
Against, opposite
80
Ecto-
Out, outside
81
Endo-
Within
82
Extra-
Outside, in addition
83
Intra-
Inside, within
84
Ipsi-
Same
85
The terms "right" and "left" refer to ___
The patient's right and left sides, not to your right and left sides
86
The portion of the body or body part nearest the head
Superior
87
The portion of the body or body part nearest the feet
Inferior
88
Parts of the body that lie farther from the midline
Lateral structures
89
Parts of the body that lie closer to the midline
Medial structures
90
In general terms, "lateral" means ___
Side
91
Something that occurs on both sides
Bilateral
92
When describing the location of an injury, the terms ___ help pinpoint the exact location
Medial and lateral
93
Describes structures that are closer to the trunk
Proximal
94
Describes structures that are farther from the trunk or nearer to the free end of the extremity
Distal
95
The terms "proximal" and "distal" are used to describe ___
The relationship of any two structures on an extremity
96
Closer to or on the skin
Superficial
97
Farther inside the body or tissue and away from the skin
Deep
98
Front
Anterior (ventral)
99
Back
Posterior (dorsal)
100
Right
Patient's right
101
Left
Patient's left
102
Top
Superior
103
Bottom
Inferior
104
Closest
Proximal
105
Farthest
Distal
106
Middle
Medial
107
Side
Lateral
108
In
Deep
109
Out
Superficial
110
Belly side of the body, or the anterior surface of the body
Ventral
111
Refers to the spinal side of the body, or the posterior surface of the body, including the back of the hand
Dorsal
112
Ventral is used less frequently than ___
Anterior
113
Dorsal is used less frequently than ___
Posterior
114
Front region of the hand
Palmar surface or palm
115
Bottom of the foot
Plantar surface
116
Tip of a structure
Apex (plural apices)
117
Decreasing the angle of the joint
Flexion
118
Increasing the angle of the joint
Extension
119
Motion toward the midline
Adduction
120
Motion away from the midline
Abduction
121
A body part that appears on both sides of the midline is ___
Bilateral
122
Something that appears on only one side of the body is said to occur ___
Unilaterally
123
The way to describe the sections of the abdominal cavity is by ___
Quadrants
124
Quadrants of the abdomen
Right upper quadrant
Left upper quadrant
Right lower quadrant
Left lower quadrant
125
Lying face down
Prone
126
Lying face up
Supine
127
An inclined position in which the head of the bed is raised
Fowler position
128
Purpose of the fowler position
Help them breathe easier and to control the airway
129
Semi-Fowler position
Sitting with the back of the stretcher at a 45° angle
130
High-Fowler position
Sitting at a 90° angle
131
When trying to define a term ___
Start with the suffix and work backwards. If the word also contains a prefix, define the suffix, then the prefix, and then the word root
132
1°
First, first degree, primary
133
2°
Secondary, second degree
134
↑
Increase(d)
135
↓
Decrease(d)
136
®
Right
137
Ⓛ
Left
138
μ
Micro
139
α
Alpha
140
β
Beta
141
~
Approximately
142
N
Normal
143
X2
Times two
144
/
Per
145
≠
Not equal
146
>
Greater than
147
<
Less than
148
?
Questionable, possible
149
∆
Change
150
-
Negative
151
♀
Female
152
♂
Male
153
Abdomin/o
Abdomen
154
Acou/o
Hear
155
Aden/o
Gland
156
Adip/o
Fat
157
Alb/o
White
158
Alges/o
Pain
159
Andr/o
Man, male
160
Angi/o
Vessel
161
Angin/o
Blood vessel
162
Ankyl/o
Fused, stiff
163
Anter/o
Front
164
Aort/o
Aorta
165
Append/o
Appendix
166
Arteri/o
Artery
167
Arthr/o
Joint
168
Asthen/o
Weak
169
Atel/o
Incomplete
170
Ather/o
Fat
171
Atri/o
Atrium
172
Audi/o
To hear
173
Aur/o
Ear
174
Aut/o
Self
175
Bacteri/o
Bacteria
176
Bi
Life, also two
177
Bil/i
Bile
178
Blast/o
Germ, bud, developing cell
179
Blephar/o
Eyelid
180
Brachi/o
Arm
181
Bronch/i
Airway, bronchus
182
Bucc/o
Cheek
183
Burs/o
Pouch or sac
184
Calc/i
Calcium
185
Capn/o
Carbon dioxide
186
Carcin/o
Cancer
187
Cardi/o
Heart
188
Carp/o
Wrist
189
Cartil/o
Cartilage, gristle
190
Caud/o
Tail
191
Cec/o
Blind intestine, cecum
192
Cel/o
Hernia, protrusion
193
Cent/i
One-hundredth or 100
194
Cephal/o
Head
195
Cerebr/o
Brain, cerebrum
196
Cervic/o
Neck
197
Chol/e
Bile
198
Chondr/o
Cartilage
199
Chrom/o
Color
200
Chron/o
Time
201
Cirrh/o
Yellow-orange
202
Cleid/o
Clavicle
203
Col/o
Colon
204
Colp/o
Vagina
205
Condyl/o
Knuckle of a joint
206
Cor/o
Pupil
207
Corne/o
Cornea
208
Cost/o
Rib
209
Crani/o
Cranium, skull
210
Crin/o
To secrete
211
Cubitus
Elbow
212
Cutane/o
Skin
213
Cyan/o
Blue
214
Cycl/o
Circle or cycle
215
Cyst/o
Bladder
216
Cyt/o
Cell
217
Derm(at)/o
Skin
218
Digit
Finger or toe
219
Dipl/o
Two, double
220
Dips/o
Thirst
221
Disk/o
Flat shape, intervertebral disk
222
Dist/o
Distant, away
223
Diverticul/o
Diverticulum, a small blind pouch
224
Dors/o
Back
225
Duct/o
Lead, move
226
Duoden/o
Duodenum
227
Ech/o
To bounce, sound
228
Ede
Swelling
229
Elast/o
Change shape
230
Electr/o
Electricity
231
Embol/o
A plug
232
Embry/o
Embryo
233
Emesis
Vomit
234
Emmetr/o
According to measure
235
Encephal/o
Brain
236
Enter/o
Small intestine
237
Episi/o
Vulva
238
Erythr/o
Red
239
Esthesi
Sensation or perception
240
Febr
Fever
241
Flex
Bend
242
Foramen
Opening
243
Fract
Break
244
Gastr/o
Stomach
245
Gest
Carry, produce, congestion
246
Glyc/o
Sugar, sweet
247
Gno
Know
248
Gyn/o
Woman, female
249
Hem(at)/o
Blood
250
Hepat/o
Liver
251
Heter/o
Other, different
252
Hom/o
The same
253
Hydr/o
Water
254
Idi/o
Person, self
255
Lact/o
Milk
256
Leuk/o
White
257
Lingu/o
Tongue
258
Mal/o
Abnormal, bad
259
Medi/o
Middle
260
Melan/o
Black, dark
261
Men/o
Month, menstruation
262
Mening/o
Usually refers to the meninges
263
Myel/o
Marrow or spinal cord
264
My/o
Muscle
265
Nephr/o
Kidney
266
Neur/o
Nerve
267
Ocul/o
Eye
268
Ophthalm/o
Eye
269
Oste/o
Bone
270
Ot/o
Ear
271
Ov/o
Egg
272
Palpate
To examine by touch
273
Path/o
Disease
274
Ped/o
Child or foot
275
Percuss
To examine by striking
276
Phag/o
Eat
277
Pharyng/o
Throat
278
Phot/o
Light
279
Pleur/o
Rib, side
280
Pneum(at)/o
Lungs, air
281
Pneumo(n)/o
Lung
282
Pod(i)
Foot
283
Pseud/o
False
284
Psych/o
Mind
285
Pto
Fall
286
Ptyal/o
Salvia
287
Pulmon/o
Lungs
288
Pur, py
Pus
289
Pyr/o
Fire, heat
290
Quadr/o; quar
Four
291
Ren/o
Kidney
292
Rhin/o
Nose
293
Sangui(n)o
Blood
294
Scler/o
Hard
295
Sebum
Fatty secretions of the sebaceous glands
296
Sect/o
Cut
297
Sept/o
Wall, divider; also seven
298
Serum
Clear portion of blood
299
Sinus
Cavity, channel, or hollow space
300
Som(at)
Body
301
Spir/o
Coil, to breath
302
Stern/o
Sternum (breastbone)
303
Stomat/o
Mouth
304
Thorac/o
Chest
305
Tom/o
Cut
306
Toxic/o
Poisonous
307
Trich/o
Hair
308
Ur/o
Urine
309
Uter/o
Uterus, womb
310
Varic/o
Dilated vein
311
Vas/o
Blood vessel
312
Viscer/o
Internal organs
313
Xen/o
Foreign (material)
314
Xer/o
Dry
315
A-
Without, lack of
316
Ab-
Away from
317
Ad-
To, toward
318
An-
Without, lack of
319
Ana-
Up, back, again
320
Ante-
Before, forward
321
Anti-
Against, opposed to
322
Auto-
Self
323
Bi-
Two
324
Brady-
Slow
325
Circum-
Around, about
326
Contra-
Against, opposite
327
De-
Down from, away
328
Di-
Twice, double
329
Dia-
Through, completely
330
Dys-
Difficult, painful, abnormal
331
Ect(o)-
Out, outside
332
End(o)-
Within
333
Epi-
Upon, over, above
334
Eu-
Easy, good, normal
335
Ex(o)-
Outside, away from
336
Extra-
Outside, in addition
337
Hemi-
Half
338
Hyper-
Over, excessive, high
339
Hypo-
Under, below normal
340
In-
In, into, not, without
341
Infra-
Below, under
342
Inter-
Between
343
Intra-
Inside, within
344
Ipsi-
Same
345
Iso-
Equal
346
Macro-
Large
347
Mal-
Bad or abnormal
348
Mega-
Large
349
Meta-
After, change
350
Micro-
Small
351
Mono-
One, single
352
Multi-
Many
353
Neo-
New
354
Noct-
Night
355
Nulli-
None
356
Olig(o)-
Little, deficient
357
Ortho-
Straight or normal
358
Pan-
All, entire
359
Para-
Near, beside, beyond, apart from
360
Per-
Through
361
Peri-
Around
362
Poly-
Many
363
Post-
After, behind
364
Pre-
Before
365
Primi-
First
366
Pro-
Before, in front of
367
Quadr(i)
Four
368
Re-
Back
369
Retro-
Backward, behind
370
Semi-
Half, partial
371
Sub-
Under, below
372
Super-
Above, excessive, or more than normal
373
Supra-
Above, upper
374
Sym-
Together, joined
375
Syn-
Together, joined
376
Tachy-
Rapid, fast
377
Tetra-
Four
378
Trans-
Across, through, beyond
379
Tri-
Three
380
Uni-
One
381
-al
Pertaining to
382
-algia
Pertaining to pain
383
-asthenia
Weakness
384
-blast
Immature cell
385
-cele
Pertaining to a tumor or swelling
386
-centesis
Pertaining to puncturing an organ or body cavity, often to drain excess fluid or obtain a sample for analysis
387
-cyte
Cell
388
-ectomy
Surgical removal of
389
-emesis
Vomiting
390
-emia
Pertaining to the presence of a substance in the blood
391
-esthesia
Pertaining to sensation or perception
392
-genic
Causing
393
-gram
Record
394
-graph
A record or the instrument used to create the record
395
-ia
Condition of
396
-ic
Pertaining to
397
-itis
Inflammation
398
-lysis
Decline, disintegration, or destruction
399
-megaly
Enlargement of
400
-meter
Measuring instrument
401
-ology
Science or study of
402
-oma
Tumor
403
-osis
Pertaining to a disease process
404
-ostomy
Surgical creation of an opening
405
-pathy
Disease or a system for treating disease
406
-phagia
Pertaining to eating or swallowing
407
-phasia
Pertaining to speech
408
-phobia
Pertaining to an irrational fear
409
-plasty
Plastic surgery
410
-plegia
Paralysis
411
-pnea
Pertaining to breathing
412
-ptosis
Drooping
413
-rrhage
Abnormal or excessive flow or discharge
414
-rrhagia
Abnormal or excessive flow or discharge
415
-rrhaphy
Suture of; repair of
416
-rrhea
Flow or discharge
417
-scope
Instrument for examination
418
-scopy
Examination with an instrument
419
-sis
A process, action, or condition
420
-stasis
Slowing or stopping of the normal flow of a fluid, such as blood
421
-taxis
Order, arrangement of
422
-trophic
Pertaining to nutrition
