Mycoplasma/Mycobacteria/Leprosy

Question 1

Tiniest free-living organisms known?

Answer 1

Mycoplasma

Question 2

Mycoplasma intra or extra cellular?

Answer 2

Extracellular

Question 3

Main (2) disease Mycoplasma causes?

Answer 3

Pneumonia

Urethritis

Question 4

How does Mycoplasma pneumonia usually present?

Answer 4

“Walking pneumonia”

Question 5

What is Mycoplasma pneumonia associated with the production of?

Answer 5

Cold agglutinin

Question 6

What does “acid fast” mean?

Answer 6

Retains the red dye carbofuchsin after rinsing with acid solvents

Question 7

Is Mycobacteria acid fast?

Answer 7

Yes

Question 8

Virulence factors of mycobacteria?

Answer 8

Glycolipids that promote resistance to intracellular killing
Inhibit interferon activation of macrophages
Prevention of phase-lysosomal membrane fusion
Stimulate destructive cell mediated inflammatory injury

Question 9

Histologic hallmark of Tuberculosis?

Answer 9

Caseating granulomas

Question 10

How is TB transmitted?

Answer 10

Sustained contact

Question 11

Hon focus found where?

Answer 11

Lower part of upper lobes or upper part of lower lobes unilaterally

Question 12

How do most cases of TB pan out?

Answer 12

Fibrosis and calcification show up but rarely progress to disease

Question 13

Best test for recent exposure?

Answer 13

PPD

Question 14

BCG vaccine should not be considered responsible for PPD reaction of what size?

Answer 14

> 1.0cm

Question 15

Atypical Mycobacterial infection that causes pulmonary disease?

Answer 15

M. kansasii

M. avium intracellulare

Question 16

M. avium intracellular associated with what disease?

Answer 16

AIDS
Chronic bronchitis
Emphysema

Question 17

What is Leprosy?

Answer 17

Obligate intracellular mycobacterium

Question 18

How is leprosy spread?

Answer 18

Respiratory aerosols

Question 19

Where is leprosy limited to?

Answer 19

Skin and nerves due to cool temp

Question 20

Where does leprosy start?

Answer 20

Respiratory tract where it disseminates through blood to skin

Question 21

Key feature of Leprosy?

Answer 21

Anesthesia of skin

Question 22

What determines form of leprosy?

Answer 22

Degree of cell mediated immunity

Question 23

Tuberculoid leprosy forms what?

Answer 23

Granulomas

Question 24

Tuberculoid leprosy associated with strong what?

Answer 24

TH1 responses

Question 25

Tuberculoid leprosy mediated by what?

Answer 25

Release of IL-2 and IFN

Question 26

Lepromatous leprosy associated with what?

Answer 26

Lack of TH-1 Helper response | Proliferation of organisms in macrophages

Question 27

Is there granuloma formation in Lepromatous leprosy?

Answer 27

No

Question 28

Lepromatous leprosy lesions filled with what?

Answer 28

Lipid laden macrophages containing many bacteria

Question 29

Which leprosy is the contagious versions?

Answer 29

Lepromatous