Viral Illnesses 3

Question 1

What virus cause Polio?

Answer 1

Picornaviridae

Question 2

What type of virus is picornaviridae?

Answer 2

Nonenveloped virus

Question 3

Where does the picornaviridae virus infect?

Answer 3

Oropharynx

Question 4

Where does the picornaviridae multiply?

Answer 4

Multiples in the intestinal mucous and lymph nodes

Question 5

What causes the paralysis in Polio?

Answer 5

Picornaviridae that invades the CNS and replicates in motor neurons of spinal cord/brainstem

Question 6

What are the cellular receptors of polioviruses?

Answer 6

Members of the immunoglobulin superfamily (Chromosome 19)

Question 7

What are the two polio vaccines?

Answer 7

Salk and Sabin

Question 8

Is the salk vaccine attenuated or inactivated?

Answer 8

Inactivated, but requires booster vaccination

Question 9

IS the sabin vaccine killed or inactivated?

Answer 9

Attenuated, so risk of infection

Question 10

Benefit of oral sabin vaccine?

Answer 10

Greater duration of immunity

Question 11

What does the Sabin vaccine produce?

Answer 11

IgA in the GI tract

Question 12

Rhinovirus binds to what to get access to host?

Answer 12

ICAM-1 found in humans and higher primates on epithelial cells

Question 13

Where is the rhinovirus infection confined to?

Answer 13

Upper respiratory tract due to cool environemnt

Question 14

What is the second most common cause of the common cold?

Answer 14

Coronavirus

Question 15

Does coronavirus go to lower respiratory tract?

Answer 15

Primarily upper respiratory, little effect on lower

Question 16

Where do echovirus and coxsackie virus proliferate?

Answer 16

Lymphoreticular tissues

Question 17

What is the function of neuraminidase?

Answer 17

Releasing virus from host cell, cleaves silica acid

Question 18

Function of hemagglutinin?

Answer 18

Binds to silica acid contain proteins and lipids on most cells.
Mediates entry into cell

Question 19

How are lower respiratory viruses grouped?

Answer 19

Into types A, B, or C based on nucleoprotein

Question 20

Which is the most dangerous grouping of lower respiratory viruses?

Answer 20

Group A

Question 21

What does group A do?

Answer 21

Major cause of pandemic and epidemic flu infections

Question 22

What do groups B and C do?

Answer 22

Mostly infect children

Question 23

What are most deaths due to influenza from?

Answer 23

Secondary bacterial infection due to obstruction

Question 24

What is croup?

Answer 24

Acute febrile illness with inspiratory stridor, hoarseness, and barking cough

Question 25

What causes croup?

Answer 25

Parainfluenza type 3

Question 26

Most common cause of viral pneumonia in children younger than 2 years?

Answer 26

Respiratory syncitial virus

Question 27

Common cause of acute respiratory disease and pneumonia in military recruits?

Answer 27

Adenovirus

Question 28

Red flag for adenovirus histologically?

Answer 28

Cowdry type A intranuclear inclusion

Question 29

Most common time for rotavirus to strike?

Answer 29

Time of weaning, due to loss of mothers IgA

Question 30

What types of hepatitis are there?

Answer 30

A, B, C, Delta agent, and E

Question 31

How do you get rabies?

Answer 31

Contamination of open wounds or mucous membranes by saliva of infected animals

Question 32

Is rabies spread person to person?

Answer 32

No

Question 33

What is the exception to rabies no being spread person to person?

Answer 33

Transplanted tissue

Question 34

What causes rabies most in the U.S?

Answer 34

Bites from bats or cats that have bene infected by rabies

Question 35

What has proved to be the one thing to stop a rabies death?

Answer 35

Inducing coma

Question 36

How does rabies get to CNS?

Answer 36

Travels axons

Question 37

How long does it take rabies virus to travel up axons?

Answer 37

weeks

Question 38

What is histologically significant to diagnose rabies?

Answer 38

Neri bodies in nerve cells

Question 39

Only way to truly diagnose rabies?

Answer 39

Direct examination of brain tissue from animal

Question 40

What do you do for somebody with rabies?

Answer 40

Treat with rabies vaccine and rabies immune gammaglobuin

Question 41

Who do you give pre-exposure prophylaxis to?

Answer 41

Veterinarians, wildlife workers, people going to endemic areas

Question 42

Who do you give post-prophylactic care to?

Answer 42

Unvaccinated people with bites