Myology Of The Back Flashcards
(109 cards)
1
Q
The trapezius is innervates by what nerve?
A
The spinal accessory nerve
2
Q
What forms the spinal accessory nerve innervating the trapezius?
A
C1-C5 cord leaves
3
Q
The latissimus dorsi is innervates by what nerve?
A
The thoracodorsal nerve
4
Q
What forms the thoracodorsal nerve?
A
Ventral rami C6-C8
5
Q
Which of the muscles of the true back are innervated by the dorsal scapular nerve?
A
Levator scapulae, rhomboid major and minor
6
Q
What forms the dorsal scapular nerve?
A
The ventral ramus of C5
7
Q
The levator scapulae is innervated by what nerves?
A
The dorsal scapular nerve and branches form C3, C4 ventral rami
8
Q
What muscles lie just beneath the traps in the neck?
A
Splenius capitis and splenius cervicis
9
Q
What part of the vertebra forms the osseous origin for the splenius muscles?
A
The spinous process
10
Q
What is the innervation of the splenius capitis?
A
Dorsal rami of middle cervical spinal nerves (C3-C5 cord levels)
11
Q
Splenius cervicis will attach to what locations on the spine?
A
Lateral mass of C1 and posterior tubercle of TVP on C1-C4
12
Q
What is the innervation of the splenius cervicis?
A
Dorsal rami of lower cervical spinal nerves (C5-C7 cord levels)
13
Q
Which muscles represent the 4th layer of the true back?
A
The erector spinal or sacrospinalis muscles
14
Q
Which muscles are IDed as erector spinae or sacrospinalis muscles?
A
Iliocostalis, longissimus, spinalis
15
Q
What osseous parts of the vertebral column serve as an origin to the Iliocostalis lumborum?
A
Spinous processes of T11-T12, L1-L5 median sacral crest, lateral sacral crest
16
Q
What is the innervation of the Iliocostalis lumborum?
A
Dorsal rami of lower thoracic and all lumbar spinal nerves
17
Q
Which subdivision of the Iliocostalis muscle appears to have a reversal of origin - insertion?
A
Iliocostalis lumborum pars lumborum
18
Q
What is the origin for the Iliocostalis thoracis?
A
Costal angles of the lower 6-7 ribs
19
Q
What is the insertion for the Iliocostalis thoracis?
A
Costal angles of the upper 6-7 ribs, TVP of C7
20
Q
What osseous part of the vertebral column serves as an insertion for the Iliocostalis thoracis?
A
TVP of C7
21
Q
Which subdivision of the Iliocostalis primarily originates and inserts on the ribs?
A
Iliocostalis thoracis
22
Q
What is the innervation of the Iliocostalis thoracis?
A
Dorsal rami of upper 6 thoracic spinal nerves (T1-T6 cord levels)
23
Q
What is the innervation of the Iliocostalis cervicis?
A
Dorsal rami of T1, T2 spinal nerve, sometimes C8 spinal nerve (C8, T1, T2 cord levels)
24
Q
What osseous parts of the vertebral column serve as an origin to the longissimus thoracis?
A
Accessory proces and TVP of L1-L5, spinous processes of L3-L5 and median sacral crest of S1-S3
25
Which erector spinae muscle is attached to the accessory process?
Longissimus thoracis
26
What is the innervation of the longissimus thoracis?
Dorsal rami of all thoracic and lumbar spinal nerves (cord levels T1-T12. L1-L5)
27
What is the insertion for the longissimus thoracis pars lumborum?
Posterior superior iliac spine (PSIS) of the innominate bone
28
Which subdivision o the longissimus muscle appears to have a reversal of origin - insertion?
Longissimus thoracis pars lumborum
29
What is the innervation of the longissimus cervicis?
Dorsal rami of C4-C8 and T1-T2 spinal nerves (C4-C8 and T1-T2 cord levels)
30
What is the innervation of the longissimus capitis?
Dorsal rami of C1-C3 or C4 spinal nerves, (C1-C3 or C4 cord levels)
31
Which erector spinae muscles attach to cervical articular processes?
Longissimus cervicis and longissimus capitis
32
What is the innervation of the spinalis thoracis?
Dorsal rami of all thoracic and upper lumbar spinal nerves
33
What is the innervation of the spinalis cervicis?
Dorsal rami of all cervical spinal nerves (C1-C8 cord levels)
34
What is the innervation of the spinalis capitis?
Dorsal rami of lower cervical and upper thoracic spinal nerves
35
Which muscle are IDed as transversospinalis muscles?
Semispinalis, multifidis and rotators
36
How many vertebrae can be attached to a single segment by transversospinalis muscles?
As many as 9 vertebrae
37
What segment will represent the lowest attachment site for the semispinalis thoracis?
T12
38
What is the innervation o fate semispinalis thoracis?
Dorsal rami of T1-T6 spinal nerves (cord levels T1-T6)
39
What osseous parts of the vertebral column serve as an origin to the semispinalis cervicis?
transverse tubercles of T1-T5 or T6 and articular processes of C4-C7
40
What is the innervation of the semispinalis cervicis?
Dorsal rami of C6-C8 spinal nerves (cord levels C6-C8)
41
What osseous parts of the vertebral column serve as an origin to the semispinalis capitis?
Transverse tubercles of C7, T1-T6 or T7 and articular processes of C4-C6
42
What is the innervation of the semispinalis capitis?
Dorsal rami of C1-C6 spinal nerves (cord levels C1-C6)
43
The biventer cervicis is formed by the fusion of what muscles?
Semispinalis capitis and spinalis capitis
44
What regional subdivisions are now IDed with multifidis muscles?
Lumber, thorcic, and cervical multifidis
45
Which transversospinalis muscle attaches to articular am mammillary processes along the spine?
Multifidis
46
What is the innervation of the classic multifidis?
Dorsal rami of C3-C8, T1-T12, L1-L5 and S1 spinal nerves, (cord levels C3-C8, T1-T12, L1-L5 and S1)
47
Contraction of multifidis cervicis will result in what movements?
Alters the zygapophyseal capsular ligament response to load distribution determines the cervical spine response to injury as evidenced by neck pain and is a significant contributor to postural control of the head and neck
48
Which subdivision of multifidis may demonstrate a reversal of origin - insertion?
Multifidis lumborum
49
Contraction of multifidis lumborum will result in what movements?
Lateral flexion and rotation of the lumbar spine, maintains the lumbar lordotic curve and prevents entrapment of lumbar zygapophyseal capsular ligament during movement
50
Which muscles of the spine exhibit a reversal of the expected origin - insertion combination?
Iliocostalis lumborum pars lumborum, longissimus thoracic pars lumborum and multifidis lumborum
51
What will replace muscles spanning one or two segmental levels in the cervicals and lumbars?
Deep layers of the multifidis
52
What muscles are included in the suboccipital muscle group?
Rectus capitis posterior major and minor, obliquus capitis inferior and superior
53
Which sub occipital muscle lack an attachment to the skull?
Obliquus capitis inferior
54
Which nerve will innervate all suboccipital muscles?
The dorsal ramus of C1, the suboccipital nerve
55
What is the origin of the obliquus capitis inferior?
C2 spinous proces and lamina
56
An increase in the density of muscle spindles is most apparent in which suboccipital muscle?
Obliquus capitis inferior
57
Suboccipital muscle feedback relays to what additional locations in the brain?
Extraocular nuclei of origin, primary visual cortex and vestibular nuclei
58
What is the result of communication between suboccipital muscles, visual centes and vestibular centers?
Coordination of head and eye position
59
What is the proposed function of the suboccipital muscle group?
Postural stabilizers of the atlanto-occipital and atlanto-axial joint
60
Which suboccipital muscles are known to attach to the dura mater?
Rectus capitis posterior major & minor, and obliquus capitis inferior
61
Interspinalis is paired in which regions of the spine?
Cervical and lumbar regions
62
Based on the density of muscle spindles what is the proposed function of the interspinalis?
Acts as a proprioceptive transducer in conjunction with intertransversarii to coordinate the smooth movement of the spine and to maintain appropriate posture
63
Intertransversarii are paired in which regions of the spine?
Cervical and lumbar
64
What is the innervation of each part of the cervical intertransversarii?
Anterior belly, cervical intertransversarii... Ventral Ramus, cervical spinal nerve
Posterior lateral belly, cervical intertransversarii... Ventral ramus, cervical spinal nerve
Posterior medial belly, cervical intertransversarii... Dorsal ramus, cervical spinal nerve
65
What is the innervation of each part of the lumbar intertransversarii?
Medial belly, dorsal ramus, lumbar spinal nerve
| Anterior lateral and posterior lateral bellies, ventral rami, lumbar spinal nerve
66
Which muscle group is innervates by both dorsal rami and ventral rami or spinal nerves?
Intertransversarii
67
Based on the density of muscle spindles what is the proposed function of the intertransversarii?
Acts as a proprioceptive transducer in conjunction with interspinalis to coordinate the smooth movement is the spine and to maintain appropriate posture
68
What is the origin of the Longus colli?
Vertebral bodies of C5-C6, T1-T3 and anterior tubercles of TVP C3-C5
69
What will innervate the Longus colli?
Ventral rami of C2-C6 or C7 spinal nerves
70
What is the insertion of the Longus capitis?
Basilar part of the occipital bone
71
What will innervate the Longus capitis?
The ventral rami of C1-C3 spinal nerves
72
What is the origin of the Rectus capitis anterior?
Lateral mass and costal element of the TVP of C1
73
What is the insertion of the Rectus capitis anterior?
Basilar part of the occipital bone
74
What will innervate the Rectus capitis anterior?
Ventral rami of C1-C2 spinal nerves
75
What is the insertion of the Rectus capitis lateralis?
Jugular process of the occipital bone
76
What will innervate the Rectus capitis lateralis?
The ventral rami of C1-C2 spinal nerves
77
What is the insertion of the anterior scalene?
Ridge and anterior scalene tubercle of the 1st rib
78
What will innervate the anterior scalene>
The ventral rami of C2-C6 spinal nerves
79
Wha tis the insertion of the middle scalene?
Between the tubercle and groove for the subclavian artery on the first rib
80
What will innervate the middle scalene?
The ventral rami of C3-C8 spinal nerves
81
What is the insertion of the posterior scalene?
Outer surface of second rib
82
What will innervate the posterior scalene?
The ventral rami of C6-C8 spinal nerves
83
The quadratus lumborum is implicated in the formation of which ligament?
The iliolumbar ligament
84
What will innervate the quadratus lumborum?
The ventral rami of T12 & L1-L3 or L4 spinal nerve
85
What is the origin of the psoas major?
Vertebral bodies T12, L1-L5, S1 and TVP of L1-L5
86
What will innervate the psoas major?
Primarily the ventral rami of L2 & L3, may include ventral rami of L1 % L4 spinal nerves
87
What is the origin of the psoas minor?
Vertebral bodies of T12, L1
88
What is the insertion of the psoas minor?
Iliopubic eminence of the in nominate bone
89
What will innervate the psoas minor?
The ventral ramus of L1 spinal nerve
90
What will innervate the iliacus?
The femoral nerve, primarily the ventral rami of L2 & L3
91
What will innervate the levator costarum brevis?
The dorsal rami of T1-T12 spinal nerves
92
What is the origin of the levator costarum Longus?
Transverse tubercles of the TVP from T7-T10
93
What is the insertion of the levator costarum Longus?
Near costal angle of rib 9-12
94
What will innervate the levator costarum Longus?
The dorsal rami of the lower thoracic spinal nerves
95
What is the insertion of the Serratus posterior superior?
Upper outer border of rib 2-5
96
What will innervate the Serratus posterior superior?
The ventral rami of T2-T5 spinal nerves... Intercostal nerves
97
What will innervate the Serratus posterior inferior?
The ventral rami of T9-T11, the intercostal nerves and the ventral ramus of T12, the subcostal nerve
98
Which of the muscles attaching to spinous processes represent layer on of the true back?
Trapezius, latissimus dorsi
99
Which of the muscles attaching to spinous processes represent layer two of the true back?
Rhomboid major and minor
100
Which muscles attaching to TVP represent layer two of the true back?
Levator scapulae
101
The rhomboid major is innervated by what nerves?
The dorsal scapular nerve (ventral ramus of C5) and branches from C4 ventral ramus
102
The rhomboid minor is innervated by what nerves?
The dorsal scapular nerve (ventral ramus of C5) and branches from C4 ventral ramus
103
What does the word "splenius" mean?
It is the Greek word for bandage
104
What is the insertion for the Iliocostalis lumborum?
Costal angles of the lower 6-9 ribs (rib 6-rib 12 or rib 3-12)
105
What osseous parts of the vertebral column serve as an origin to the Iliocostalis cervicis?
None
106
What osseous parts of the vertebral column serve as an origin to the longissimus thoracis?
Accessory process and medial part of TVP of L1-L5
107
Based on the name of this group, what is the origin-insertion of the transversospinalis?
TVP origin, spinous process insertion
108
What is the insertion of the obliquus capitis inferior?
TVP of C1
109
Contraction of obliquus capitis inferior will result in what movement?
Turns the face to the side
