NASM CPT Chapter 5 Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in NASM CPT Chapter 5 Deck (35)
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1
Q

Superior:

A

Positioned above a point of reference.

2
Q

Inferior:

A

Positioned below a point of reference.

3
Q

Proximal:

A

Positioned nearest the center of the body, or point of reference.

4
Q

Distal:

A

Positioned farthest from the center of the body, or point of reference.

5
Q

Anterior (or ventral):

A

On the front of the body.

6
Q

Posterior (or dorsal):

A

On the back of the body. (Think dorsal fin).

7
Q

Medial:

A

Positioned near the middle of the body.

8
Q

Anatomic Position:

A

The terms anterior, posterior, medial & lateral, abduction & adduction apply to the body when it is in the anatomic position.

9
Q

Sagittal Plane:

A

An imaginary bisector that divides the body into left and right halves.

10
Q

Flexion:

A

A bending movement in which the relative angle btwn two adjacent segments decreases.

11
Q

An example of adduction/abduction in the frontal plane and anterior-posterior axis would be a __________.

A

Side lateral raise.

12
Q

Extension:

A

A straightening movement in which the relative angle btwn two adjacent segments increases.

13
Q

Hyperextension:

A

Extension of a joint beyond the normal limit or range of motion.

14
Q

Frontal plane:

A

An imaginary bisector that divides the body into front and back halves.

15
Q

ABduction:

A

A movement in the frontal plane away from the midline of the body. (Think: alient ABduction)

16
Q

ADduction:

A

Movement in the frontal plane back toward the midline of the body.

17
Q

Transverse plane:

A

An imaginary bisector that divides the body into top and bottom halves.

18
Q

Internal rotation:

A

Rotation of a joint toward the middle of the body.

19
Q

External rotation:

A

Rotation of a joint away from the middle of the body.

20
Q

Horizontal aBduction:

A

Movement of the arm or thigh in the transverse plane from an anterior position to a lateral position.

21
Q

Horizontal ADduction:

A

Movement of the arm or thigh in the transverse plane from a lateral position to an anterior position.

22
Q

Scapular Retraction:

A

ADduction of scapula; shoulder blades move toward the midline.

23
Q

Scapular Protraction:

A

ABduction of scapula; shoulder blades move away from the midline.

24
Q

Scapular Depression:

A

Downward (inferior) motion of the scapula.

25
Q

Scapular Elevation:

A

Upward (superior) motion of the scapula.

26
Q

**Eccentric Muscle Action:

A

A muscle develops tension while lengthening.

Decelerates or reduces force.

27
Q

**Concentric Muscle Action:

A

Moving in opposite direction of force. Accelerates or produces force. Muscle shortens.

28
Q

**Isometric Muscle Action:

A

Muscular force equal to resistive force. No visible change in the muscle length. Stabilizes force.

29
Q

Force:

A

An influence applied by one object to another, which results in an acceleration of the second object.

30
Q

**Length-Tension Relationship:

A

The resting length of a muscle and the tension the muscle can produce at this resting time.

31
Q

**What is an example of muscle being out of alignment and not generating enough force?

A

Length-tension relationship.

32
Q

Force-Couple:

A

Muscle groups moving together to produce movement around a joint.

33
Q

**Torque:

A

A force that produces rotation. Common unit of torque is the newton-meter or Nm.

34
Q

**Internal Feedback:

A

The process whereby sensory info is used by the body to reactively monitor movement and the environment.

35
Q

**What muscle concentrically accelerates or does hip extension?

A

Gluteus maximus.