Flashcards in Neuro Deck (77)
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61
Charcot-Marie-tooth Disease (Hereditary Motor and sensory Neuropathy)
progressive hereditary nerve disorders d/t defective myelin sheath protein production
62
Most common 1mary brain tumor?
Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM): p53 mutation, crosses corpus callosum "butterfly" and "pseudopalisading" tumor cells, contrast enhancing lesion within cerebral hemispheres on MRI
63
Meningioma keywords
whorled
psammoma bodies
near brain surface
64
Oligodendroglioma keywords
frontal lobe
chicken-wire capillary
"fried egg"
65
Most common childhood brain tumor?
Pilocytic astrocytoma: @ post. fossa, GFAP+, Rosenthal corkscrew fibers, benign
66
Medulloblastoma keywords
hydrocephalus
Homer-Wright rosettes
small blue cells
Tx: Radiation
67
Uncal (medial temporal lobe) Herniation keywords
fixed dilated pupil ipsilaterally
contralat. homonymous hemianopsia
ipsilateral hemiparesis
68
S&S of Posterior Cerebral A. occlusion (LEFT)
RIGHT hemianopsia
RIGHT sensory deficits
Alexia without agraphia
Difficulty forming new memories
Anomic aphasia
Gerstman's Syndrome (acalculia, agraphia, finger agnosia, right-left disorientation)
69
Atypical meningitis can be caused by what immunosuppressive medication?
MTX: causes myelosuppression leading to neutropenia
70
Empiric Tx. for Meningitis
"Be a life SAVeR"
Steroids
Acyclovir & Ampicillin
Vancomycin
Rocephin (Ceftriaxone)
71
Ataxia-Telangiectasia
S&S
Labs
Ataxia (wide based gait and instability)
Telangiectasia (dilated tortuous conjunctiva) in skin, eyes
Recurrent sinopulmonary infections
Almost ZERO IgA with Elevated IgM, Normal IgG
72
Dx of Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo?
Tx?
Dx: Dix-Hallpike
Tx: Epley maneuver
73
S&S of Internal Carotid A. dissection
v. Vertebral a. dissection
ipsilateral cranial nerve deficits (e.g. ptosis, miosis, weak shoulder raise)
while a Vertebral a. dissection will show Horner's Syn.
74
Tx. Trigeminal Neuralgia
Carbamazepine
75
Meniere's Disease
Ppx?
HCTZ + Triamterene reduce endolymph in the semicircular canals
76
Common migraine
S&S
Ppx
Tx
Frequent constant headache that doesn't come with flashing lights, motor weakness, aura, or dizziness
PPx: Propranolol, Verapamil
Tx: Sumatriptan
77
