Flashcards in Neurology druuggz Deck (209)
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1
list the strategies for treating glaucoma
alpha agonists - decrease synthesis (hurts my brain bc on dilator muscles and that's it)
beta blockers - decrease synthesis
diuretics - to decreased IOP
cholinomimetics - to increase outflow fo aqueous humor
prostaglandins - to increase outflow of aqueous humor
2
what durg is not to be used in closed angle galucoma
epinephrine bc causes mydriasis - bad news bears
3
how does epinephrine decreased aqueous humor
alpha 1 agonist - decreases aqeous humor production by vasoconstriction
4
how does brimonidine work for glaucoma
alpha two agonist - decreases aqueous humor production
5
what are the side effects of epinephrine and brominidine for glaucoma treatment
blurry vision
ocular hyperemia
doreign body sensation
ovcular allergic reactions
ocular pruritis
6
which drug?
blurry vision
ocular hyperemia
foreing body sensation
ocular allergic reactions
ocular pruritus
epinephrine - alpha 1 agonist
brimodine - alpha 2 agonist
7
what beat blockers are used to treat glaucoma
timolol
betaxolol
carteolol
8
what are betaxolol and carteolol used for
glaucoma with timolol
9
how to timolol betaxolol and carteolol treat glaucoma
beta blockers - decreasd aqueous humor production
10
what are the s/e of betaxolol and carteolol and timolol when used for glaucoma treatment?
no pupillary or vision chances
11
what diuretic is used for glaucoma treatment
acetazoloamide
12
how does acetazolamide help in glaucoma
decreases aqueoue humor synthesis via inhibition of carbonic anhydrase
13
a/se relevated to acetazolamide treatment for glaucoma
no pupillary or vision changes
14
what are the direct cholinomimetics used to treat gluacoma
pilocarpine and carbachol
15
how do pilocarpine and carbachol help with galucoma
increased outflow by constricting the ciliary muscle and opening the trabecular meshwork
16
what are the indirect cholinomimetics used to treat gluacoma
physostigmine and echothiophate
17
how do physostigmine and echothiophate work to help with glaucoma
increased outflow of aqueous humor via contraction of ciliary muscle
open trabecular meshwork
18
what are a/se of cholinomimetics when used for gluacoma
miosis and cyclospam - contraction of ciliary msucle
19
what drugs to choose if done want any pupillary of vision a/se for glaucoma
beta blockers: timolol, betaxolol, carteolol
diuretics: acetazolamide
20
what durgs to choose for glaucoma if don't mind pupillary or vision a/se
alpha agonists: epinephrine and brimonidine
cholinomimetis: carbachol, pilocarpine, physostigmine, echothiophate
21
what drug to use in glaucoma emergencies and why please
pilocarpine - bc especially good at opening meschwork into the canal of schlemm
22
what pg is used for glaucoma treatment
latanoprost PGF2a analog
23
what does latanoprost/PGF2a do for help in glaucoma
increases outflow of aqueous humor
24
what are a/se of latanoprost
browns up the iris
25
list the opioid analgesics please
morphine
fentanyl
codeine
loperamide
methadone
meperidine
destromethrophan
diphenoxylate
pentazocine
26
what is the MOA of opioid analgesics
agonists at opiod recetors, m, d, k to modulate synaptic transmission - increase K and decreased Ca - decreases synaptic transmission - inhibits the release of a) Ach b( NE c) 5Ht, d) flutamate and e) substance P
27
what neurotransmitters do opiod analgesics decrease release of
NE, Ach, glutamate, substance P, 5Ht
28
again what neurotransmitters do opioid analgesics decrease
Ach, NE, glutamate, 5 Ht, substance P
29
what is destromethrophan used for
opioid
cough suppression
30
