Flashcards in Autonomics Deck (69):
1
list autonomic recepors on the eye and agonist effects
alpha 1 - pupillary dilator - mydriasis
alpha2 - decreases aqueous production
beta2 - increases aqueous production, ciliary muscle relaxation
M3 - ciliary muscle contraction - accommodation
M3 - pupillary sphincter - miosis
2
list recetpors on the vasculator and agonist effects
alpha 1 - vasoconstriction
beta 2 - vasodilation
D1 - renal relaxation
H1 - increased permeability -- Gq
V1 - vasodilation
smooth muscle relaxation @ Gs
smooth muscle constriction @ Gq
3
list receptors on the heart and agonist effects
beta1 - heart rate and contractility increase
M2 - heart rate decrease, decreased atrial contractility decrease
4
hemicholium
prevents choline uptake
5
vesamicol
prevents Ach fom getting in the vesicles
(reserpine)
6
botulinum
prevents Ach from bein released.
7
metyrosine
tyrosine hydroxylase BH4
no DOPA is made
8
reserpine
prevents dopamine from getting in to vesicles
(vesamicol)
9
bretylium
guanethidine
prevents release of Ne
10
ATII receptor
promotes vesicular release of NE
11
bethanechol
direct cholinergic
postop ileus, neurogenic ileus, urinary retention
12
carbachol
direct cholinergic
decreases IOP in glaucoma
13
methacholine
direct cholinergic
challenge test for diagnosis of asthma
14
pilocarpine
stimulates tears, sweat, saliva
open angle: ciliary
closed angle: sphincter
15
donepezil
galantamine
rivastigmine
Alzheimer disease
indirect choli agonist
16
Alzheimer disease
donepezil
galantamine
rivastigmine
17
edrophonium
historically dx of MG
indirect choil agonist
18
neostigmine
MG
post op and neurogenic ileus
urinary retension
reversal of NMH blockade post op
19
urinary retention
postp op ileus
neurogenic ileus
bethanachol
neostigmine
20
reversal of NMJ blockade post op
neostigimine
21
physostigmine
anticholinergic (atropine) toxicity
crosses CNS
22
pyridostigmine
MA
long acting
no CNS
23
farmer with organophosphate poisoning
irreversible AChase inhibitor --> CHOLINGERIC SYMPTOMS
DUMBBEELSS: diarrhoea, urination, miosis, bronchospasm, bradycardia, excitement of PNS and CNS, lacrimation, salivation, sweating
treat with atropine (competitive - no effect centrall or at skeletal muscle - nicotinic receptors) or pralidoxime (if early)
24
atropine
homatropine
tropicamide
muscarinic antags
ophthalmic procedures and bradycardia
mydriasis
cycloplegia
25
benztropine
muscarinic antags
CNA - for Parkinson disease and acute dystonia
26
glycopyrrolate IV
muscarinic antags
preop to decrease respiratory decrtions
27
glycopyrrolate oral
muscarinic antags
drooling
peptic ulcer
28
hyoscyamine
dicyclomine
muscarinic antags
antispasmodics for irritable bowel syndrome
29
ipratropium
tiotropium
muscarinic antags
COPD
asthma
30
oxybutynin
solifenacin
tolterodine
GUT muscarinic antags
reduce blader spasms
urge urinary incontinence
overactive bladder
31
scopolamine
muscarinic antags
motion sickness
32
Symptoms that make you think you need to use physostigmine to reverse it all
increasd body temperature - decreasd sweating
rapid pulse
dry mouth
dry flushed skin
cycloplegia
constipation
disorientiation
ATROPINE TOXICITY: hot as a hare, dry as a boen, red as a bet, blind as aboat, man as a hatter
33
jimson week
datura
gardeners pupil - mydriasis due to plant alkaloids
34
tetradotoxin
prevents depol without changing RMP
nausea
diarrhoea
paresthesias
weakness
dizziness
loss of reflexes
35
puffer fish
tetradotoxin
36
ciguatoxin sxs
opens na channels
confuse with cholinergic poisoning
temperature related dysesthesia
37
barracuda snapper moray eel
reed fish
ciguatoxin
38
scrombroid toxin
burning of mouth
flush face
erythema
urticarial
pruritus
headache
may be anaphylaxis like: bronchospasm, angioedema, hypotension
HISTAMINE from FISH
39
bonito mackerel mahi mahi tuna kept at warm tempaerautes
scrombroid
40
albuterol
b2>b1
asthma
41
salmeterol
b2>b1
COPD
42
dobutamine
B1>B2, alpha
heart failure: inotropic>chronotropic
cardiac stress testing
43
dopamine
D1=D2>b>a
unstable bradycardia
heart failure: inotropic AND chronotropic
shock
high doses - alpha effect
44
ephinephrine
b>a
anaphylaxis
asthma
open angle glaucoma (cilairy muscle)
strong at b2 than NE
45
isoproterenol
b1=b2
electrophysiologic evaluation fo tachyarrhythmias
can worsen iscahemia
46
norepinephrine
a1>a2>b
hypotension - but decreases renal perfusion
weaker at B2 than epi
47
phenylephrine
a1>a2
hypotension
ocular procedures - dilator
rhinitis - vasoconstriction
48
amphetamine
indirect feneral agonist
reuptake inhibitor
release stored catecholamines
49
narcolepsy, obesity and ADHD
amphetamine
50
cocaine
indirect general agonist
reuptake inhibitor
avoid beta blockers in cocaine users
vasoconstriction and generalized anesthesia
51
ephedrine
indirect general agonist
release stored catecholamines
52
nasal decongestion
urinary incontinence
hypoteion
ephedrine
53
urinary incontinence vrs urinary retention tx
ephedrine - a1>a2 stim --> incontinence
neostigmine - cholinergic stim --> retention
bethanochol- cholinergic stim --> retention
54
clonidine
alpha 2 agonist
hypertensive urgency
ADHD
Tourette dynfrome
55
tourteet syndrome and ADHD
clonidine
56
hypertension in pregos
alpha-methyldopa
alpha 2 agonist
57
phenozybenzamine
non selective irreversible alpha blocker
post op pheochromocytoma removal
will case orthostatic hypotension and reflex tachycardia
58
phentolamine
non selective reversible alpha blocker
give to ppl on MAOi who eat tyramine containing foods
will cause orthostatic hypotension and reflex tachycardia
59
prazosin, terazosin, doxazosin, tamsulosin
alpha 1 selective inhibis
urinary symptoms of BPH
PTSD (prazosin)
hypertension (all but tamsulosin)
will cause first dose orthostatic hypotension, dizziness, headache
60
mirtazapine
alpha2 selective inhibis
depression
a/se: sedation, increased serum cholesterol and increased appetite
61
PTSD treatment
prazosin
alpha 1 selective inhibitor
62
list the b1> b2 blockers
A-M
acebutolol - partial
atenolol
betaxolol
esmolol
metoprolol
63
list the non selective b blockers
N-Z
nadolol
pindolol - partial
propranolol
timolol
64
non selective alpha and beta blocker please
carvedilol
labetalol
DO NOT END in ''OLOL''
65
selective b1 blocker and b3 agonist and who cares?
nebivolol
cardiac inhibi and activation of NO synthase in vasculature
66
what does b3 do?
agonistm - sitmulates NO synthase
67
bb used for post MI
metoprolol
carvedilol
bisoprolol
68
SVT bb used?
metoprolol
esmolol
class II anti arrhythmics
69