Flashcards in Git drugs Deck (60):
1
name the H2 blockers and which ones you'd prefer to use please
cimetidine
ranitodine
famotidine - preferred
nizatidine - preferred
2
MOA of H2 blockers
bock H2 receptor - decreased gastric acid secretion via blocking increased cAMP in parietal cells
3
uses of H2 blockers
PUD
mild gastric reflux
gastritis
4
toxocitiy of H2 blockers
cimietidine:
inhibits P450 - multiple drug interatcions
anti-androgenic - prolactin release, impotence, decreased libido in men, gynecomastia
cross BBB - dizziness, confusion, headaches
cimetidine and ranitodine:
decrease renal secretion of creatinine
5
list the PPIs please
omeprazole
lansoprazole
esomeprazole
pantprazole
dexlansoprazole
6
what is the MOA of PPIs
IRREVERSIBLE inhibit HKATPase in stomach pariental cells
7
used of PPi
PUD
esophageal reflux
gastriris
Zollinger Ellison syndrome
8
toxos of PPIs
increased risk of C difficile infections
pneumonia
decreased serum Mg with long term use (hypomagnesemia = tetany, hypokalemia, torsasdes de pointes)
9
MOA fo bismuth and sucralfate
bind to ulcer base - protection and establishemt of HCO3 muclsa layer
10
use of bismuth and sucralfate
increased ulcer healing
travelers diarrhoea
11
MOA misoprostal
PGE1 analogue
increase production and secretion of mucosal barrie and decreased acid prodcution
12
uses of misoprostol
prevent NSAID induced PUD
maintain PDA (rubella, TOF, transposition of great vessels and RDS)
off label for induction of labour - ripens cervix
13
toxo of misoprostol
diarrhoea
contraindicated in women of childbearing potential bc abortifacient
14
MOA of ocreotide
long acting somatostatin analogue
inhbits actions of many splanchnic vasocontrsction hormones
15
clinical use of ocreotide
acute variceal bleeds
acromegaly
VIPoma
carcinoid tumours
16
toxo of ocreotide
nausea
cramps
steatorrhoea
17
affects of anatacids
can affect absorption, bioavailability, urinary excretion of toher drugs via alteration of gastric and urinary pH or by delaying gastric emptying
18
list the antacids please
aluminum hydroxide
calcium carbonate
magnesium hydroxide
19
what are s/e of aluminum hydroxide
constipation
proximal muscle weakness
hypokalemia
hypophosphatemia
osteodystrophy
seizures
20
what are s/e of calcium carbonate
hypercalcemia ( stones, bone pain, ab pain, increased urinary frequency, anxiety, altered mental status)
rebound acid production
can chelat and decrease effective ness of drugs ie tetracyclines
hypokalemia
21
what are s/e of magnesium hydroxide
diarrhoea
hyporeflexia
hypotension
hypokalemia
cardiac arrest
22
list the osmotic laxatives please
magnesium hydroxide
magnesium citrate
polyethylene glycol
lactulose
23
moa of osmotic laxatives
provide osmotic load to draw water itno the gi lumen
24
clinical use of osmotic laxatives
constipation
25
use of lactulose and how
hepatic encephaloaty --- makes gut bacteria produces lactic acid and NH4+ is excreted ridding body of NH3
26
toxicity of osmotic laxatives
diarrhoea
dehydration
may be abused by bulimics
27
MOA of sulfasalazine please
sulfapyridine - ab and 5-aminosalicylic acid - antiinflmmatory that is activated by colonic bacteria
28
use of sulfasalazine please
UC and colonic protion of Chrons
29
toxon of suldasalazine
malaise
nausea
sulfonamide toxicity
reversible oligospermia
30
MOA of ondansetron
5HT3 antagonist
decreased vagal simulation
powerful central acting antiemetic
31
use for ondansetron
control post op vomiting and in paitnets undergoing cancer chemotehrapy
32
toxicity of ondansetron
headache
constipation
QT interval prolongation
33
MOA of metoclopramide
D2 receptor antagonist
increase restone tone, contractility LES tone motility
does nto change colon transport time
34
use of metoclopramide
diabetic and postsurgery gastropareies
antiemetic
35
toxo of metoclopramide
parkinsonia effects
tardive dyskinesia
restlessness
drowsiness
fatigue
depression
diarrhoea
drug interaction with digoxin and diabetic agents
36
metoclopramide contra Indi in?
small bowel obstruction
parkinsons
37
MOA of orlistat
inhibits gastric and pancreatic lipase - decreases breakdown and absorption of dietary fats
38
clinical use of orlistat
weight loss
39
a/se of orlistat
steatorrhoea
decreased absorption of fat soluble vitamiens
40
treatmet of PUD
H2 antags
PPI
misoprostal - prevent
41
treatment of gastirtis
H2 antags
PPI
42
treatment of esophageal reflux
PPI
mild - H2 antags
43
treatment of zollinger Ellison syndrome
PPI
44
to promote ulcer healign
bismuth and sucralfate
45
treatment of travellers diarrhoea
bismuch and sucralfate
46
maintain an PDA
misoprostol
47
induced labour
off label
misoprostol
48
acromegaly
octreotide
49
VIPoma
octreotide
50
carcinoid tumours
octreotide
51
acute variceal bleeding
octreotide
52
constipation
magnesium hydroxide
magnesium citrate
polyethylene glycol
lactulose
53
UC and Chronis
sulfasalazine
54
post op vomiting and chemo tx patints
ondansetron
55
diabetic and postop gastropareies
metoclopramide
56
weight loss
orlistat
57
toxicity includes: diarrhoea
misoprostol
magnesium hydroxide
magnesium citrate
lactulose
polyethylene glycol
metoclopramide
58
toxicity includes electrolyte imbalance
PPIs - decreased serum Mg with long term use
aluminum hydroxide - hypokalemia and hypophosphatemia
calcium carbonate - hypercalcemia and hypokalemia
magnesium hydroxide - hypokalemia
59
toxicity includes steathorrhoea
ocreotide
orlistate
OOOOO
60