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Pharmocology - step > Git drugs > Flashcards

Git drugs Flashcards

1
Q

name the H2 blockers and which ones you’d prefer to use please

A

cimetidine
ranitodine
famotidine - preferred
nizatidine - preferred

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2
Q

MOA of H2 blockers

A

bock H2 receptor - decreased gastric acid secretion via blocking increased cAMP in parietal cells

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3
Q

uses of H2 blockers

A

PUD
mild gastric reflux
gastritis

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4
Q

toxocitiy of H2 blockers

A

cimietidine:
inhibits P450 - multiple drug interatcions
anti-androgenic - prolactin release, impotence, decreased libido in men, gynecomastia
cross BBB - dizziness, confusion, headaches
cimetidine and ranitodine:
decrease renal secretion of creatinine

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5
Q

list the PPIs please

A 
omeprazole
lansoprazole
esomeprazole
pantprazole
dexlansoprazole
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6
Q

what is the MOA of PPIs

A

IRREVERSIBLE inhibit HKATPase in stomach pariental cells

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7
Q

used of PPi

A

PUD
esophageal reflux
gastriris
Zollinger Ellison syndrome

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8
Q

toxos of PPIs

A

increased risk of C difficile infections
pneumonia
decreased serum Mg with long term use (hypomagnesemia = tetany, hypokalemia, torsasdes de pointes)

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9
Q

MOA fo bismuth and sucralfate

A

bind to ulcer base - protection and establishemt of HCO3 muclsa layer

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10
Q

use of bismuth and sucralfate

A

increased ulcer healing

travelers diarrhoea

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11
Q

MOA misoprostal

A

PGE1 analogue

increase production and secretion of mucosal barrie and decreased acid prodcution

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12
Q

uses of misoprostol

A

prevent NSAID induced PUD
maintain PDA (rubella, TOF, transposition of great vessels and RDS)
off label for induction of labour - ripens cervix

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13
Q

toxo of misoprostol

A

diarrhoea

contraindicated in women of childbearing potential bc abortifacient

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14
Q

MOA of ocreotide

A

long acting somatostatin analogue

inhbits actions of many splanchnic vasocontrsction hormones

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15
Q

clinical use of ocreotide

A

acute variceal bleeds
acromegaly
VIPoma
carcinoid tumours

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16
Q

toxo of ocreotide

A

nausea
cramps
steatorrhoea

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17
Q

affects of anatacids

A

can affect absorption, bioavailability, urinary excretion of toher drugs via alteration of gastric and urinary pH or by delaying gastric emptying

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18
Q

list the antacids please

A

aluminum hydroxide
calcium carbonate
magnesium hydroxide

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19
Q

what are s/e of aluminum hydroxide

A 
constipation
proximal muscle weakness
hypokalemia
hypophosphatemia
osteodystrophy
seizures
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20
Q

what are s/e of calcium carbonate

A

hypercalcemia ( stones, bone pain, ab pain, increased urinary frequency, anxiety, altered mental status)
rebound acid production
can chelat and decrease effective ness of drugs ie tetracyclines
hypokalemia

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21
Q

what are s/e of magnesium hydroxide

A 
diarrhoea
hyporeflexia
hypotension
hypokalemia
cardiac arrest
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22
Q

list the osmotic laxatives please

A

magnesium hydroxide
magnesium citrate
polyethylene glycol
lactulose

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23
Q

moa of osmotic laxatives

A

provide osmotic load to draw water itno the gi lumen

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24
Q

clinical use of osmotic laxatives

A

constipation

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25
use of lactulose and how
hepatic encephaloaty --- makes gut bacteria produces lactic acid and NH4+ is excreted ridding body of NH3
26
toxicity of osmotic laxatives
diarrhoea dehydration may be abused by bulimics
27
MOA of sulfasalazine please
sulfapyridine - ab and 5-aminosalicylic acid - antiinflmmatory that is activated by colonic bacteria
28
use of sulfasalazine please
UC and colonic protion of Chrons
29
toxon of suldasalazine
malaise nausea sulfonamide toxicity reversible oligospermia
30
MOA of ondansetron
5HT3 antagonist decreased vagal simulation powerful central acting antiemetic
31
use for ondansetron
control post op vomiting and in paitnets undergoing cancer chemotehrapy
32
toxicity of ondansetron
headache constipation QT interval prolongation
33
MOA of metoclopramide
D2 receptor antagonist increase restone tone, contractility LES tone motility does nto change colon transport time
34
use of metoclopramide
diabetic and postsurgery gastropareies | antiemetic
35
toxo of metoclopramide
``` parkinsonia effects tardive dyskinesia restlessness drowsiness fatigue depression diarrhoea drug interaction with digoxin and diabetic agents ```
36
metoclopramide contra Indi in?
small bowel obstruction | parkinsons
37
MOA of orlistat
inhibits gastric and pancreatic lipase - decreases breakdown and absorption of dietary fats
38
clinical use of orlistat
weight loss
39
a/se of orlistat
steatorrhoea | decreased absorption of fat soluble vitamiens
40
treatmet of PUD
H2 antags PPI misoprostal - prevent
41
treatment of gastirtis
H2 antags | PPI
42
treatment of esophageal reflux
PPI | mild - H2 antags
43
treatment of zollinger Ellison syndrome
PPI
44
to promote ulcer healign
bismuth and sucralfate
45
treatment of travellers diarrhoea
bismuch and sucralfate
46
maintain an PDA
misoprostol
47
induced labour | off label
misoprostol
48
acromegaly
octreotide
49
VIPoma
octreotide
50
carcinoid tumours
octreotide
51
acute variceal bleeding
octreotide
52
constipation
magnesium hydroxide magnesium citrate polyethylene glycol lactulose
53
UC and Chronis
sulfasalazine
54
post op vomiting and chemo tx patints
ondansetron
55
diabetic and postop gastropareies
metoclopramide
56
weight loss
orlistat
57
toxicity includes: diarrhoea
``` misoprostol magnesium hydroxide magnesium citrate lactulose polyethylene glycol metoclopramide ```
58
toxicity includes electrolyte imbalance
PPIs - decreased serum Mg with long term use aluminum hydroxide - hypokalemia and hypophosphatemia calcium carbonate - hypercalcemia and hypokalemia magnesium hydroxide - hypokalemia
59
toxicity includes steathorrhoea
ocreotide orlistate OOOOO
60
toxicity includes cardiac thigns
magnesium hydroxide - cardiac arrest | ondansetron - QT prolongation

Pharmocology - step (16 decks)

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