Nutrition Flashcards
Nutrients, healthy eating (19 cards)
What does food give our bodies?
Energy and heat, and substances for body growth, maintenance and repair
How is food energy measured?
Calories
Our need for food/calories is dependent on:
Age, sex and level of activity
Nutrients in food: (**P*at’s Fat Cat Was Very Moody)
Protein, fat, carbohydrates, water, vitamins, minerals
Function of proteins:
Growth and repair of body cells
Source of proteins:
Meat, fish, eggs, milk, beans, grains and nuts
Function of carbohydrates:
Provide energy for rapid use. They include sugars in some foods.
Source of carbohydrates:
Fruit, sugar cane, and sugar beet (sugars). Potatoes, cereals and other vegetables (starch)
Function of fats:
Concentrated sources of energy
Sources of fats:
Butter/margarines, oils, meat, eggs etc
Function of vitamins:
Help regulate chemical processes in the body
Sources of vitamins:
Fat soluble vitamins/water soluble; fruit and veg
Function of minerals:
Maintain body functions
Sources of minerals:
Milk, cheese, fish and some green vegetables
4 Main food groups:
Dairy, fruit and veg, meat and pulses, bread/cereals/carbs
What do people with dietary requirements/special diets e.g., vegans need?
Nutrients they are lacking because of their diet from other sources
Function of water (in relation to food)
Transports substances around the body and accounts for two- thirds of body weight (solid foods also contain water)
Input/output balance:
Input of food/water etc needs to balance the body’s output of body wastes
Why does weight increase in middle age?
People eat the same amount as before, but take less exercise, so burn fewer calories and store the surplus calories as fat
