Programmed cell death Flashcards
(20 cards)
Targeted controlled cause of cell death (programmed)
Apoptosis
Why do cells undergo apoptosis
Helps the body get rid of cells it does not need
Role of apoptosis
- Important role during development
- Maintenance of adult tissues
- Protects body by destroying old and damaged cells
Characteristics of apoptosis
- Cell condensation
- Plasma membrane blebbing, loss of symmetry
- Shedding of apoptotic bodies
- Nuclear breakdown and DNA fragmentation
What are the lipid transporters for flip flop mechanisms
Flippase, floppase and scramblase
What signal does destruction of membrane asymmetry provide to macrophages
Eat-me signal
Commitment to die is
Reversible
Execution is
Typically irreversible
Apoptotic cascades depend on
Activation of caspases
Caspase 8 is from the ______ pathway
extrinsic
Caspase 9 is from the ______ pathway
intrinsic
Caspases 3,6 and 7 are
Executioner caspases
What organelle can promote apoptosis (intrinsic pathway)
Mitochondria
In response to apoptotic stimulus, mitochondria release __________ (and other intermembrane mitochondrial proteins) into cytosol
Cytochrome c
True or false: apoptotic stimuli always result in cell death
False
________ cells learn how to avoid apoptosis
Cancer
Passive, untimely killing of a group of cells; non-programmed, unregulated cell death
Necrosis
Properties of necrosis
- Increased cell volume
- Loss of plasma membrane integrity
- Leakage of cellular contents
- Induce inflammation
Tightly regulated pathway that removes damaged, unnecessary or dysfunctional cellular components, self eating
Autophagy
Stress pathways sequentially elicit autophagy and apoptosis within the
same cell
Autophagic cell death
