Protein folding and function

Question 1

Functional units of a cell

Answer 1

Proteins

Question 2

Linear chain of amino acids linked by covalent peptide bonds

Answer 2

Protein

Question 3

Amino acid sequence

Answer 3

Primary structure

Question 4

Local folding

Answer 4

Secondary structure

Question 5

3D shape

Answer 5

tertiary structure

Question 6

Multimeric protein organisation, assembled subunits

Answer 6

Quaternary structure

Question 7

Part of an animo acid that differs in size, shape, charge, hydrophobicity and reactivity

Answer 7

Side chain (R)

Question 8

Components of an amino acid

Answer 8

• Alpha carbon
• Amino group
• Carboxyl group
• Side chain group

Question 9

Where do peptide bonds form in amino acids

Answer 9

Between amino group and carboxyl group

Question 10

Peptide bonds are

Answer 10

rigid and planar

Question 11

What group is at the N-terminus

Answer 11

Amino

Question 12

What group is at the C-terminus

Answer 12

Carboxyl

Question 13

Two angles of rotation in C-C and C-N bonds

Answer 13

Psi and phi

Question 14

True or false: peptides will adopt the conformation involving the least effort

Answer 14

True

Question 15

What is the polarity of amino acids

Answer 15

Hydrophobic in core, hydrophilic on surface

Question 16

Two common types of secondary structure

Answer 16

Alpha helices and beta sheets

Question 17

The side chains of an alpha helix point

Answer 17

outwards

Question 18

Contains both hydrophobic and hydrophilic amino acids

Answer 18

Amphipathic

Question 19

What direction do arrows in beta sheet point

Answer 19

C-terminal direction

Question 20

Beta sheets can be orientated

Answer 20

Parallel or anti-parallel

Question 21

Unstructured areas formed in many different ways

Answer 21

Loops

Question 22

Involve 4 residues looped back on themselves to form a “U” with H- bonds between the arms

Answer 22

Turns

Question 23

Bridge between secondary and tertiary structure

Answer 23

Motifs

Question 24

What are the 3 types of motifs

Answer 24

Coiled-coil, helix-loop-helix, zinc finger

Question 25

Modular units from which larger proteins are built

Answer 25

Protein domains

Question 26

Proteins with similar domains often have ________ function

Answer 26

the same

Question 27

Two identical subunits form a symmetrical complex of two subunits

Answer 27

Dimer

Question 28

Long chain of identical protein molecules

Answer 28

Filament

Question 29

Reversible modifications to proteins

Answer 29

Post translation modifications

Question 30

Proteins working together to perform more complicated functions

Answer 30

Protein machines