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Protists Flashcards

1
Q

Eukaryotes under protists

A

Algae

Protozoa

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2
Q

Plant-like protist

A

Algae

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3
Q

Algae. Uni or Multi?

A

Both. Some colonial

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4
Q

Algae. Cell wall?

A

Thin and rigid

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5
Q

Most algae are pathogentic or not?

A

Non-pathogenic

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6
Q

Algae are found where?

A

Areas with light and moisture

Occurs in freshwater, salt water, and soil

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7
Q

Algae morpholgy

A

Flagella
Cell Wall
Plastids
Pigments

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8
Q

Bear photosynthetic pigments

A

Plastids

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9
Q

Site of CO2 fixation and starch formation

A

Pyrenoids

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10
Q

Parts for phototaxis

A

Eyespot

Stigma

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11
Q

Unicellular algae and a model system for photosynthesis

A

Chlamydomonas

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12
Q

Examples of algae pigments

A

Chlorophylls
Carotenoids
Phycobilins

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13
Q

Red phycobilin

A

Phycoerythrobilin

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14
Q

Orange phycobilin

A

Phycourobilin

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15
Q

Purple phycobilin

A

Phycoviolobilin

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16
Q

Blue phycobilin

A

Phycocyanobilin or

Phycobiliverdin

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17
Q

Algae reproduction

A

Both asexual and sexual

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18
Q

Examples of asexual

A

Binary fission

Fragmentation

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19
Q

Examples of sexual

A

Conjugation

  • isogamy
  • heterogamy
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20
Q

Algae importance

A

Primary producers - phytoplankton
Fertilizer
Commercial products - eg agar
Source of food/food supplements

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21
Q

Algae criteria for classification

A 
Principal pigments
Photosynthetic/storage products
Cell wall
Mode of motility
Mode of reproduction
Usual habitat
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22
Q

Know as the first animals

A

Protozoa

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23
Q

Eukaryotic; Unicellular
Lacks CW but with rigid CM
Motile
Heterotrophic

A

Protoza

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24
Q

Protozao distribution

A

Free-living

Symbiotic

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25
Importance of protozoa
Role in economy of nature - form large part of plankton Tools in biochemical/molecular structure Cause human/animal disease
26
Protozoa vegetative, feeding form
Trophozoite
27
Protozoa resting stage
Cyst
28
Protozoa morphology
``` Cilia Flagella Psuedopodia (false feet) Vacuoles Shells ```
29
For water regulation | For digestion
Vacuoles
30
Plasma membrane where cilia are attached
Pellicle
31
Area inside ectoplasm that contains most of the organelles
Endoplasm
32
Semisolid/gelatinous cytoplasm that imparts rigidity to cell
Ectoplasm
33
Protozoa nuclei
Macronucleus | Micronucleus
34
Controls normal metabolism of the cell
Macronucleus
35
Function on sexual reproduction
Micronucleus
36
Protozoa nutrition
Holozoic | Saprozoic
37
Nutrition through phagocytosis (engulfing and digesting particles)
Holozoic
38
Nutrition through absorbing particles
Saprozoic
39
Example of asexual reproduction or fission
Simple Longitudinal Transverse Multiple
40
Protozoa causing diseases
``` Cutaneous leishmaniasis Mucocutaneous leishmaniasis Giardiasis African sleeping sickness Amoebiasis ```
41
High level taxonomic group below domain and above kingdom
Supergroup
42
Supergroups under protists
``` Acheaplastida Chromalveolata Excavata Amoebozoa Ophistokonta Rhizaria ```
43
Red and green algae Also includes lands plants They have plastids
Archaeplastida
44
Uncellular green algae with pyrenoid and eyespot
Chlamydomonas sp.
45
Colonial green algae
Volvox sp.
46
Multi cellular green algae | Aka "sea lettuce"
Ulva sp.
47
Multicellular green algae
Spirogyra sp.
48
Red algae examples
``` Gelidium sp. Gracilaria sp. Erythrophyllum sp. Microcladia sp. Phorphyra sp. ```
49
Brown and golden alagae, water molds, and the alveolates | Most have plastids
Chromalveolata
50
Chromarveolata consists of
Stramenopiles | Alveolates
51
Include brown algae, diatoms, golden brown algae, and water molds
Stramenopiles
52
Include dinoflagellates, ciliates, and apicomplexans
Alveolates
53
Brown algae examples
Fucus sp. Sargassum sp. Giant Kelps
54
Have an outer layer of silica They are algae Important in earth's carbon cycle
Diatoms
55
Have an outer layer of silica
Golden brown algae
56
Aka oomycetes "egg fungus" | Closely related to fungi
Water molds
57
Can form harmful algal blooms called red tides
Dinoflagellates
58
Examples of ciliates
Balantidum sp. Paramecium sp. Didinium sp.
59
Nonmotile parasites that form spores
Apicomplexans
60
Cause malaria through Anopheles mosquito
Plasmodium sp.
61
Causes toxoplasmosis from eating udercookes meat, exposure from infected cat feces, or mother-child during pregnancy
Toxoplasma sp.
62
Zooflagellates | Often with distinctive oral grooves
Excavata
63
Single celled motile protists
Euglenids Parabasalids Diplomonads Kinetoplastids
64
Photoautotrophic, flagellated cells with a pellicle instead of a cell wall
Euglenids
65
Parasitic excavates
Kinetoplastids
66
Causes Chagas diseases and African sleeping sickness
Trypanosoma sp.
67
Causes leishmaniasis
Leishmania sp.
68
Example of parabasalids
Trichomonas vaginalis
69
Example of diplomonads
Giardia lamblia
70
Protists that use pseudopods for motility and feeding
Amoebozoa - amoeboids - slime molds
71
Move and feed by phagocytosis
Amoeboids
72
Freshwater amoeboids
Amoeba proteus
73
Causes amoebiasis
Entamoeba histolytica
74
Includes foraminiferans and radiolarians that have threadlike pseudopods and skeleton called tests (porous shells of forams)
Rhizaria
75
Form a deep layer of sediment on the ocean floor that can be used as index fossils
Tests
76
Calcium carbonate shells
Foraminiferans
77
Silica Shells
Radiolarians
78
Includes animals, animal-like choanoflagellates, fungi, fungus like protists called nucleariids
Ophistokonta
79
Animal-like protozoans that are near relatives of sponges
Choanoflagellates
80
Closest group of organisms related to fungi | Unicellular, amoeboid protists with filose (thread like) pseudopodia
Nucleariids

PH151 (15 decks)

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