Skin, hair, nails (Lab 16)

Question 1

bluish discoloration of the hands and feet; may be present at birth and may persist for several days or longer if the newborn is kept in cool ambient temperatures

Answer 1

acrocyanosis

Question 2

hair loss

Answer 2

alopecia

Question 3

pathcy, non-scarring, asymmetric hair loss occurring in sharply defined areas of the scalp or beard

Answer 3

alopecia areata

Question 4

shaped like a ring; used to describe a lesion that forms a ring around a clear center of normal skin

Answer 4

annular

Question 5

thinning of skin surface and loss of skin markings; skin translucent and paper-like

Answer 5

atrophy

Question 6

vesicle greater than 1 cm in diameter

Answer 6

bulla

Question 7

a diffuse, acute infection of the skin and subcutaneous tissue

Answer 7

cellulitis

Question 8

a facial discoloration common during pregnancy; aka mask of pregnancy

Answer 8

chloasma

Question 9

referring to lesions that run together

Answer 9

confluent

Question 10

dried serum, blood, or purulent exudates; slightly elevated; size varies; brown, red, black, tan, or straw-colored

Answer 10

crust

Question 11

a marbled or mottled appearancce of the skin of a newborn when exposed to decreased temperatures; occurs because the newborn’s immature vascular system is unable to adapt to temperature changes

Answer 11

cutis marmorata

Question 12

elevated, circumscribed, encapsulated lesion; in dermis or subcutaneous layer; filled with liquid or semi-solid material

Answer 12

cyst

Question 13

referring to a lesion that follows a nerve or segment of the body

Answer 13

dermatomal

Question 14

a contusion or a bruise

Answer 14

ecchymosis

Question 15

common inflammatory skin disorder presenting with pruritic papulovesicular lesions

Answer 15

eczematous dermatitis

Question 16

loss of part of the epidermis; depressed, moist, glistening; follows rupture of a vesicle or bulla

Answer 16

erosion

Question 17

a common transient benign condition seen in newborns during the first week consisting of generalized small papules or pustules

Answer 17

erythema toxicum

Question 18

loss of the peidermis; linear hollowed-out, crusted area

Answer 18

excoriation

Question 19

linear crack or break from the epidermis to the dermis; may be moist or dry

Answer 19

fissure

Question 20

inflammation and infection of the hair follicle and surrounding dermis

Answer 20

folliculitis

Question 21

a deep-seated infection of the pilosebaceous unit

Answer 21

furuncle

Question 22

a skin coloration that occurs in some newborns in response to changes in position

Answer 22

harlequin color change

Question 23

irregular-shaped, elevated, progressively enlarging scar; grows beyond the boundaries of the wound; caused by excessive collagen formation during healing

Answer 23

keloid

Question 24

fine, silky hair of newborn’s skin

Answer 24

lanugo

Question 25

rough, thickened epidermis secondary to persistent rubbing, itching, or skin irritation; often involves flexor surface of extremity

Answer 25

lichenification

Question 26

a flat, circumscribed area that is a change in the color of the skin; less than 1 cm in diameter

Answer 26

macule

Question 27

areas of deep bluish-gray pigmentation most commonly on the sacral aspect of a newborn

Answer 27

mongolian spots

Question 28

maculopapular lesions that becomes confluent on the face and body

Answer 28

morbilliform

Question 29

a mole that varies in size and color

Answer 29

nevus

Question 30

elevated, firm, circumscribed lesion; deeper in dermis than papule; 1 to 2 cm in diameter

Answer 30

nodule

Question 31

an elevated, firm, circumscribed area; less than 1 cm in diameter

Answer 31

papule

Question 32

flat, nonpalpable, irregular shaped macule greater than 1 cm in diameter

Answer 32

patch

Question 33

tiny, flat purple or red spots on the skin surface, resulting from minute hemorrhages within the dermal layer

Answer 33

petechiae

Question 34

common self-limiting exanthematous rash whose onset is marked by a "herald patch"

Answer 34

pityriasis rosea

Question 35

elevated, firm, and rough lesion with flat top surface greater than 1 cm in diameter

Answer 35

plaque

Question 36

a chronic recurrent disease of keratin synthesis

Answer 36

psoriasis

Question 37

elevated, superficial lesion; similar to a vesicle but filled with purulent fluid

Answer 37

pustule

Question 38

flat, deep pink localized areas usually seen on the mid-forehead, eyelids, upper lip, and back of a newborn

Answer 38

salmon patches (stork bites)

Question 39

heaped-up, keratinized cells; flaky skin; irregular, thick or thin; dry or oily; variation in size

Answer 39

scale

Question 40

thin to thick fibrous tissue that replaces normal skin following injury or laceration to the dermis

Answer 40

scar

Question 41

lipid substance that keeps skin and hair from drying out

Answer 41

sebum

Question 42

refers to a star-shaped lesion

Answer 42

stellate

Question 43

fine, irregular, red line produced by capillary dilation

Answer 43

telangiectasia

Question 44

a group of noncandidal fungal infection

Answer 44

tinea

Question 45

elevated and solid lesion; may or may not be clearly demarcated; deeper in dermis; greater than 2cm in diameter

Answer 45

tumor

Question 46

short fine nonpigmented hair

Answer 46

vellus hair

Question 47

a mixture of sebum and cornified epidermis that covers the infant's body at birth

Answer 47

vernix caseosa

Question 48

elevated, circumscribed, superficial, not into dermis; filled with serous fluid; less than 1 cm in diameter

Answer 48

vesicle

Question 49

elevated, irregular-shaped area of cutaneous edema; solid, transient, variable diameter

Answer 49

wheal

Question 50

loss of epidermis and dermis; concave, varies in size

Answer 50

ulcer