spine and abdomen

Question 1

SPINE + ABDOMEN

regions of the spine and how many vertebrae in each

Answer 1

Cervical 7
Thoracic 12
Lumbar 5
Sacrum. 1
Coccyx 1

Question 2

SPINE + ABDOMEN

what type of joint is the intervertebral joint in the spine

Answer 2

symphysis - one bone meets another

Question 3

SPINE + ABDOMEN

name the 4 key joints in spine

Answer 3

ATLANTO-OCCIPITAL

ATLANTOAXIAL

INTEVERTEBRAL

LUMBOSACRAL

Question 4

SPINE + ABDOMEN

where is the Atlanta-occipital joint

Answer 4

between atlas + occipital condyles of skull

Question 5

SPINE + ABDOMEN

where is the atlantoaxial joint

Answer 5

between 1st cervical (atlas)
and
2nd cervical (axis)

Question 6

SPINE + ABDOMEN

where is the intervertebral joints

Answer 6

joints in vertebrae
fibrocartilage pads

Question 7

SPINE + ABDOMEN

where is the lumbosacral joint

Answer 7

between lumbar + sacrum

Question 8

SPINE + ABDOMEN

facet joint

Answer 8

gliding joint
rib + thoracic vertebrae, allows rib to move up and down

Question 9

SPINE + ABDOMEN

VERTEBRAE
1) where is the pressure disbursed?
2) what is the vertebrae foramen?
3) name the 2 processes that come off?

Answer 9

1) vertebrae body
2) space for spinal chord
3) spinous
transverse

Question 10

SPINE + ABDOMEN

where is the intervertebral foramen?

Answer 10

back of vertebrae
articulating processes come down and overlap

Question 11

SPINE + ABDOMEN

describe ideal posture from side on view (saggital)

Answer 11

ear
shoulder
(hip) greater trochanter (top of femur)
knee ankle

Question 12

SPINE + ABDOMEN

describe ideal posture from frontal view

Answer 12

neutral head
level shoulders
level pelvis
neutral knee position
feet not pronated/supinated

Question 13

SPINE + ABDOMEN

posture:
arch in back, head forward
thoracic flexion

Answer 13

kyphosis

short tight neck extensors

weak long neck flexors

Question 14

SPINE + ABDOMEN

posture:
anterior tilt of pelvis
‘bend belly forward’

why does this happen?

Answer 14

lordosis

weak abs so can’t hold
tight quadriceps , rectus femoris pull on pelvis

Question 15

SPINE + ABDOMEN

posture: S shaped curvature

Answer 15

scoliosis

uneven shoulders

Question 16

SPINE + ABDOMEN

4 movements in lumbar spine

Answer 16

lumbar flexion = sit up

lumbar extension = lay on front, contract lift chest up

lumbar rotation = sit and rotate upper body

lateral flexion = (no lateral extension) left or right

Question 17

SPINE + ABDOMEN

what pelvis action does:
LUMBAR FLEXION
cause

Answer 17

anterior pelvic rotation

Question 18

SPINE + ABDOMEN
what pelvis action does:
LUMBAR EXTENSION
cause

Answer 18

posterior pelvic rotation

Question 19

SPINE + ABDOMEN

what spine action does:
ANTERIOR PELVIC ROTATION
cause

Answer 19

lumbar extension

Question 20

SPINE + ABDOMEN

what spine action does:
POSTERIOR PELVIC ROTATION
cause

Answer 20

lumbar flexion

Question 21

SPINE + ABDOMEN

what are the main agonists?

Answer 21

RECTUS ABDOMINIS

Question 22

SPINE + ABDOMEN

rectus abdominis O + I

Answer 22

O: pubis crest

I: 5,6,7 rib cartilage , xiphoid process

Question 23

SPINE + ABDOMEN

what movements do RECTUS ABDOMINIS cause

1)both sides
2) left side
3) right side

Answer 23

1) lumbar flexion

2) lateral flexion to left

3) lateral flexion to right

Question 24

SPINE + ABDOMEN

what is the fibrous line between 2 sides of rectus abdomens

Answer 24

linea alba

Question 25

SPINE + ABDOMEN what gives the 6 pack look? what does it do?

Answer 25

tendinous inscription more control over lumbar flexion

Question 26

SPINE + ABDOMEN what movement do EXTERNAL OBLIQUES create

Answer 26

lumbar rotation to opposite side lateral flexion to same side

Question 27

SPINE + ABDOMEN what movement do INTERNAL OBLIQUES create

Answer 27

lumbar rotation to same side lateral flexion to same side

Question 28

SPINE + ABDOMEN external obliques O + I

Answer 28

O = border of 8th rib I = anterior part of ilium crest

Question 29

SPINE + ABDOMEN internal obliques O + I

Answer 29

O = inguinal ligament, 2/3 iliac crest I = costal cartilage, 8 9 10 ribs

Question 30

SPINE + ABDOMEN transverse abdominus role

Answer 30

maintain stable, balanced abdomen CORE STABILITY

Question 31

SPINE + ABDOMEN role of erector spinae

Answer 31

neck and head extension upright position

Question 32

SPINE + ABDOMEN what back muscle originates: posterior inner lip iliac crest inserts: 12th rib L1-4

Answer 32

quadrates lumborum

Question 33

SPINE + ABDOMEN what movement does quadrates lumborum cause

Answer 33

contracting = lateral flexion extension of lumbar spine region deep posture, stability

Question 34

SPINE + ABDOMEN define core stability

Answer 34

ability of muscles in abdomen to maintain stable balanced pelvis + abdomen

Question 35

SPINE + ABDOMEN what does IAP stand for

Answer 35

intra abdominal pressure

Question 36

SPINE + ABDOMEN risk factors of lower back pain (3)

Answer 36

poor posture muscle imbalance poor core stability