Flashcards in Testicular and Ovarian Function Deck (37)
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1
Where does spermatogenesis occur?
Sertoli cells in seminiferous tubules
2
Which cell produces testosterone in the testes
Leydig cells in the interstitial space
3
What is the name of the sperm cell at the 1) beginning 2)end of mitosis?
1) spermatogonia
2) spermatocyte
4
When does spermatogenesis begin?
puberty
5
How many chromosomes does a primary spermatocyte have?
46, still diploid
6
When does oogenesis occur?
in fetal life. Females are born with all the primary oocytes they have
7
T/F second meiotic division occurs at the time of ovulation
False, it occurs after fertilisation
8
How many mature ovum does a primary oocyte give?
one
9
What are the seven hormones produced by the anterior pituitary
FSH, LH, TSH, ACTH, Prolactin, GH, MSH
10
What are the peptide hormones produced by the female gonads
Inhibin and activin
11
T/F Female reproductive system is responsive to external stimuli
True, hence stress can prevent hormone secretion and ovulation
12
What are the accessory glands the male reproductive system
seminal vesicle
bulbourethral gland
prostate
13
What is the epididymis a site of?
sperm maturation
14
What is the downstream action of LH stimulating Leydig cells
testosterone secretion
sex characteristics development
15
What are the non-reproductive actions of testosterone
closing epiphysis
sebaceous gland secretion
16
Does a male secret inhibin?
Yes, in response to FSH stimulation on sertoli cells. Negative feedback signal will control the level of FSH
17
T/F Only LH in male have a long feedback loop
True, FSH has a short feedback loop with inhibin. LH has a long loop with testosterone
18
What is "menses"
A phase of the menstrual cycle when the endometrium sloughs off
19
What are the cells that can response to FSH/LH in female?
Theca (LH) and granulosa cells (FSH) in the follicle
20
Which cell converts androgen to ostrogen?
granulosa cells, in response to FSH
21
Which hormone does the rising level of ostrogen in proliferative phase inhibit
FSH
LH
GnRH
22
What happens with LH surge?
induce high level of oestrogen secretion, and changes the system to a positive feedback system
leads to ovulation
23
When is inhibin active?
late follicular phase and ovulation
24
Why is there a fall of oestrogen following ovulation?
follicle ruptures and turns into corpus luteum
25
What is the effect of oestrogen on the endometrium?
proliferation of endometrium + expression of progesterone receptor
26
What happens to cervical fluid in response to high oestrogen
it becomes clear and non-viscus, allowing entry of sperm
27
What hormone does the corpus luteum produce?
high level of progesterone and some oestrogen
28
What prevents another follicle from maturating during the luteal phase?
corpus luteum producing progesterone, oestrogen and inhibin to suppress LH, FSH, and GnRH
29
What happens to the uterus during luteal phase?
endometrium becomes vascular and secretory, while cervix becomes thick and sticky
30
