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Francais > The present participle (le participe présent) > Flashcards

The present participle (le participe présent) Flashcards

1
Q

The present participle (le participe présent)

How is the present participle formed?

A

To form present participle, one drops the ending ‘‘-ons’’ from the present tense of the first person plural (nous) form and replaces it by ‘‘-ant’’.
The present participle of verbs ending in ‘‘-cer’’ has a cédille.
commencer - commençant
The present participle of verbs ending in ‘‘-ger’’ ends in ‘‘-eant’’.
manger - mangeant
The present participle of pronominal verbs is preceded by the reflexive pronoun, which agrees with the subject of the sentence.
me promenant

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2
Q

The present participle (le participe présent)

How is the negative present participle formed?

A

In the negative, ‘‘ne … pas’’ surrounds the present participle.
ne voyant pas

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3
Q

The present participle (le participe présent)

Which verbs have irregular present participles?

A

avoir - ayant
être - étant
savoir - sachant

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4
Q

The present participle (le participe présent)

How is the perfect participle (le participe composé) formed?

A 
Perfect participle (le participe composé) consists of the present participle of ''avoir'' or ''être'' and the past participle of the verb.
f.e. ayant appris
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5
Q

The present participle (le participe présent)

How is negative perfect participle (le participe composé) formed?

A

'’ne …pas’’ surrounds the auxiliary of the perfect participle:
f.e. n’ayant pas vu

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6
Q

The present participle (le participe présent)

What indicates the perfect participle?

A

The perfect participle indicates an action which precedes the action expressed by the main verb.
f.e. N’ayant pas dormi de la nuit, elle était fatiguée.

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7
Q

The present participle (le participe présent)

Having left early, they arrived on time.

A

Étant partis tôt, ils sont arrivés à l’heure.

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8
Q

The present participle (le participe présent)

Having hurried, I was out of breath.

A

M’étant dépêché(e), j’étais hors d’haleine.

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9
Q

The present participle (le participe présent)

What is the use of the present participle?

A

The present participle can be used as a noun, an adjective or a verb.

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10
Q

The present participle (le participe présent)

the amount

A

le montant

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11
Q

The present participle (le participe présent)

the stain remover

A

le détachant

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12
Q

The present participle (le participe présent)

the sedative

A

le calmant

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13
Q

The present participle (le participe présent)

the scholar

A

le savant

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14
Q

The present participle (le participe présent)

the flyer, brochure

A

le dépliant

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15
Q

The present participle (le participe présent)

the manufacturer

A

le fabricant

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16
Q

The present participle (le participe présent)

the ghost

A

le revenant

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17
Q

The present participle (le participe présent)

the steering wheel

A

le volant

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18
Q

The present participle (le participe présent)

the beggar

A

le mendiant

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19
Q

The present participle (le participe présent)

the printer

A

l’imprimante

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20
Q

The present participle (le participe présent)

the social worker

A

l’assistante sociale

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21
Q

The present participle (le participe présent)

the fortune teller

A

la voyante

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22
Q

The present participle (le participe présent)

the passers-by

A

les passants

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23
Q

The present participle (le participe présent)

the inhabitants

A

les habitants

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24
Q

The present participle (le participe présent)

the visually impaired

A

les malvoyants

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25
Q

The present participle (le participe présent)

the hearing impaired

A

les malentendants

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26
Q

The present participle (le participe présent)

the demonstrators

A

les manifestants

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27
Q

The present participle (le participe présent)

the applicants

A

les postulants

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28
Q

The present participle (le participe présent)

a merchant

A

un(e) commerçant(e)

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29
Q

The present participle (le participe présent)

a teacher

A

un(e) enseignant(e)

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30
Q

The present participle (le participe présent)

a student

A

un(e) étudiant(e)

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31
Q

The present participle (le participe présent)

a beginner

A

un(e) débutant(e)

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32
Q

The present participle (le participe présent)

a winner

A

un(e) gagnant(e)

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33
Q

The present participle (le participe présent)

a loser

A

un(e) perdant(e)

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34
Q

The present participle (le participe présent)

amusing

A

amusant

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35
Q

The present participle (le participe présent)

demanding

A

exigeant

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36
Q

The present participle (le participe présent)

discouraging

A

décourageant

37
Q

The present participle (le participe présent)

not free, to be paid

A

payant

38
Q

The present participle (le participe présent)

grateful

A

reconnaissant

39
Q

The present participle (le participe présent)

astonishing

A

étonnant

40
Q

The present participle (le participe présent)

interesting

A

intéressant

41
Q

The present participle (le participe présent)

moving

A

émouvant

42
Q

The present participle (le participe présent)

alive

A

vivant

43
Q

The present participle (le participe présent)

delightful

A

ravissant

44
Q

The present participle (le participe présent)

frustrating

A

frustrant

45
Q

The present participle (le participe présent)

disappointing

A

décevant

46
Q

The present participle (le participe présent)

a wheelchair

A

un fauteuil roulant

47
Q

The present participle (le participe présent)

a charming woman

A

une femme charmante

48
Q

The present participle (le participe présent)

the following pages

A

les pages suivantes

49
Q

The present participle (le participe présent)

a frightening movie

A

un film effrayant

50
Q

The present participle (le participe présent)

an exciting book

A

un livre passionnant

51
Q

The present participle (le participe présent)

a slippery road

A

une route glissante

52
Q

The present participle (le participe présent)

That is a disappointing piece of news.

A

C’est une nouvelle décevante.

53
Q

The present participle (le participe présent)

This is a piece of news which disappoints everyone.

A

C’est une nouvelle décevant tout le monde.

54
Q

The present participle (le participe présent)

making tired - tiresome, tiring

A

fatiguant - fatigant(e)

55
Q

The present participle (le participe présent)

preceding - prevoius

A

précédant - précédent(e)

56
Q

The present participle (le participe présent)

excelling - excellent

A

excellant - excellent(e)

57
Q

The present participle (le participe présent)

neglecting - negligent, careless

A

négligeant - négligent(e)

58
Q

The present participle (le participe présent)

knowing - wise, learned

A

sachant - savant(e)

59
Q

The present participle (le participe présent)

being able to - powerful

A

pouvant - puissant(e)

60
Q

The present participle (le participe présent)

One calls the weeks preceding Easter ‘‘Lent’’.

A

On appele ‘‘Carême’’ le semaines précédant Pâques.

61
Q

The present participle (le participe présent)

The previous chapters are less interesting.

A

Les chapitres précédents sont moins intéressants.

62
Q

The present participle (le participe présent)

When the present participle is used a s verb?

A
  1. The present participate can be used as a verb (either alone or with the preposition ‘‘en’’ to form the gerund). The present participate (without ‘‘en’’) occurs mainly in written French (press, literature, correspondence, administrative language).
  2. To indicate a cause, a reason for sth (at the beginning of the sentence)
    f. e. Ayant faim, il s’est acheté un croque-monsieur.
  3. To replace a relative clause introduced by ‘‘quoi’’
    f. e. Elle a acheté une voiture consommat peu d’essence.
  4. To indicate the manner in which something is done or the accompanying circumstances.
    f. e. Feuilletant un vieil album, il a trouvé la photo qu’il cherchait depuis longtemps.
  5. To express a condition (at the beginning of the sentence)
    f. e. Travaillant dur, nous réussirons.
  6. To indicate an action that immediately precedes or immediately follows the main action.
    f. e. Prenant son imperméable, il est partii.
63
Q

The present participle (le participe présent)

Having gotten up (Because I got up) very early, I took a nap in the afternoon.

A

M’étant levé très tôt, j’ai fait la sieste l’après-midi.

64
Q

The present participle (le participe présent)

The bomb exploded, killing twenty people.

A

La bombe a explosé, tuant vingt personnes.

65
Q

The present participle (le participe présent)

What is gerund and when is it used?

A

Gerund is the present participate following the preposition ‘‘en’’ (while, by, on, upon). Unlike the present participle alone which is rarely used in conversation, the gerund frequently occurs in the spoken as well as in the written language.

  1. The gerund serves to express an action that happens at the same time as the action of the main verb.
    f.e. Il s’est endormi en roulant.
    The adverb ‘‘tout’’ is sometimes used before the gerund to emphasize the simultaneity of the gerund and the main verb, or to express an opposition.
    f.e. Il lisait tout écoutant la radio.
  2. The gerund serves to indicate the manner or the means by which an action is, was, or will be completed.
    f.e. Vous réussirez en persévérant.
  3. The gerund serves to indicate a particular moment when the main action takes, took, or will take place.
    f.e. Laissez un pourboire en sortant.
66
Q

The present participle (le participe présent)

He downloaded the song although he knew that it was forbidden.

A

Il a téléchargé la chanson, tout en sachant que c’était interdit.

67
Q

The present participle (le participe présent)

Practice makes perfect.

A

C’est en forgeant qu’on devient forgeron.

68
Q

The present participle (le participe présent)

When Julius Caesar crossed the Rubicon, he said the famous sentence: ‘‘The die is cast.’’

A

C’est en franchissant le Rubicon que Jules César a prononcé la célèbre phrase: ‘‘Le sort en est jeté.’’

69
Q

The present participle (le participe présent)

What is the difference between the present participle and the gerund?

A

The present participle refers to the noun which is nearest to it and the gerund refers to the subject.

J’ai rencontré mon ami en sortant de l’aéroport.
vs
J’ai rencontré mon ami sortant de l’aéroport.

70
Q

The present participle (le participe présent)

i have been working for five years.

A

Je travaille depuis depuis cinq ans.

71
Q

The present participle (le participe présent)

I will be working tomorrow.

A

Je travaillerai demain.

72
Q

The present participle (le participe présent)

I was going to work.

A

J’allais travailler.

73
Q

The present participle (le participe présent)

Call me before leaving.

A

Appelez-moi avant de partir.

74
Q

The present participle (le participe présent)

He was fired without knowing why.

A

Il a été viré sans savoir pourquoi.

75
Q

The present participle (le participe présent)

Drinking red wine is good for one’s health.

A

Boire du vin rouge est bon pour la santé.

76
Q

The present participle (le participe présent)

I like playing the piano.

A

J’aime jouer du piano.

77
Q

The present participle (le participe présent)

He keeps complaining.

A

Il ne cesse de se plaindre.

78
Q

The present participle (le participe présent)

We are getting used to living here.

A

Nous nous habituons à vivre ici.

79
Q

The present participle (le participe présent)

He avoids talking about his problems.

A

Il évite de parler de ses problèmes.

80
Q

The present participle (le participe présent)

She spent two hours cooking dinner.

A

Elle a passé deux heures à préparer le dîner.

81
Q

The present participle (le participe présent)

I have trouble understanding.

A

J’ai du mal à comprendre.

82
Q

The present participle (le participe présent)

Do you feel like going out?

A

As-tu envie de sortir?

83
Q

The present participle (le participe présent)

She is incapable of lying.

A

Elle est incapable de mentir.

84
Q

The present participle (le participe présent)

He gave up smoking.

A

Il a renoncé à fumer.

85
Q

The present participle (le participe présent)

There is no point in going there.

A

Ce n’est pas le peine d’y aller.

86
Q

The present participle (le participe présent)

Thanks for coming.

A

Merci d’être venu.

87
Q

The present participle (le participe présent)

She is sitting in the first row.

A

Elle est assise au premier rang.

88
Q

The present participle (le participe présent)

He was lying on the floor.

A

Il était allongé (couché) par terre.

Francais (31 decks)

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