Flashcards in Transdermal Delivery Deck (21)
1
Skin is composed of _____ and _____?
outer EPIdermis and inner DERMIS
2
The is cushioned on what ?
Fatty subcutaneous tissue
3
The subcutaneous fat layer is also called?
hypodermis and is several mm thick
4
The structure of the epidermis is made up of what 6 components?
Stratum corneum
Stratum lucidum
Stratum granulosum
Stratum spinosum
Stratum basale
Dermis
(listed oldest to youngest)
5
Which layer has keratinocytes and other specialized cells such as melanocytes and langerhans cells?
Basal Layer
6
Which cells are the major antigen-presenting cells of the skin?
Langerhans cells
7
What is considered the INNER LAYER of viable cells?
Stratum germinativum (or stratum basale or basal layer)
8
What is considered the OUTER LAYER of viable cells?
stratum corneum (about 10 μm when dry; 10-15 cell layers), or horny layer
9
The dermis may be typically ____ thick?
3 to 5 mm
10
The Dermis (corium) is a matrix of what?
connective tissue with blood vessels, nerves, sweat glands and origin of hair follicles
11
Sebaceous glands empty into ____ and secrete _____?
- follicles to form PILOSEBACEOUS unit
- sebum which lubricates skin surface and maintains surface and maintains surface pH around 5.0.
12
What varies from about 50 to 250 follicles per sq. cm. of skin?
Follicle density
13
What 2 surfaces are hairless?
palmar and plantar surfaces
14
What are the 2 delivery systems for drugs applied to the skin?
- topical delivery
-transdermal delivery
15
Which system uses skin as a route of administration for systemic delivery?
Transdermal Delivery
16
Name 4 conventional dermatological formulations.
Lotions
Gels
Ointments
Creams
17
What are the benefits of oral drug delivery? (2)
-Absence of first pass metabolism
- Sustained effect possible
18
What are the benefits of IV drug delivery? (2)
-Non-invasive
-Ease of self administration and termination
19
What are the benefits of PK drug delivery? (2)
-reduced systemic exposure
-reduced adverse effects
20
Name the 6 factors that affect percutaneous absorption. ***
1. Drug conc./ solu. in vehicle
2. partition coefficient
3. surface area
4. skin hydration and temp.
5. the site of application
6. penetration enhancers
21