Unit 5 Lecture 38

Question 1

Organs of the female repro

Answer 1

Ovary, fimbriae, ampulla, uterus, cervix, vagina

Question 2

Function of ovary

Answer 2

oocyte and hormone production

Question 3

Function of fimbriar

Answer 3

collects ovum from ovary

Question 4

Function of ampulla

Answer 4

most common site of fertilization

Question 5

Function of uterus

Answer 5

implantation and contraction

Question 6

Function of vagina

Answer 6

sperm deposition

Question 7

When are oocytes made?

Answer 7

before birth

Question 8

Define oogenesis

Answer 8

Formation of ovum (egg) from oogonium

Question 9

What is the first process of oogenesis and when does it occur in life?

Answer 9

mitosis fetal period

Question 10

What happens during mitosis?

Answer 10

oogonium –> primary oocyte

Question 11

What process occurs after mitosis and when does it happen in life?

Answer 11

Prophase I of Meiosis I starts from fetal period to puberty

Question 12

During puberty, what within the primary oocyte forms?

Answer 12

Primary follicle becomes a secondary follicle

Question 13

What process happens after Meiosis I?

Answer 13

Meiosis II

Question 14

What happens during Meiosis II and at what phase?

Answer 14

Primary oocyte –> secondary oocyte stops @ metaphase II

Question 15

What forms within the secondary oocyte?

Answer 15

Mature (graafian) follicle

Question 16

What is the only way for the secondary oocyte to complete meiosis II?

Answer 16

Fertilization - secondary oocyte comes in contact with a sperm cell

Question 17

What does the secondary oocyte become after contact with a sperm?

Answer 17

OVUM (egg)….. once the nuclei unite, its called a ZYGOTE

Question 18

If the secondary oocyte does not come in contact with a sperm cell, what process happens?

Answer 18

ovulation of mature (graafian) follicle

Question 19

What are found in ovaries and list the types?

Answer 19

follicles

primordial, antral, and mature

Question 20

What are follicles made of?

Answer 20

Oocytes and follicular cells

Question 21

What cells are found within ovaries and where are they?

Answer 21

Theca cells - outside follice

granulosa cells - within follicle

Question 22

Overall, what do mature follicles synthesize and secrete?

Answer 22

estradiol

Question 23

What is estradiol?

Answer 23

major type of estrogen produced in the ovaries

Question 24

What do Theca cells do?

Answer 24

Turn cholesterol into androstenedione with LH

Question 25

What do Granulosa cells do?

Answer 25

Turn androstenedione into estradiol with FSH

Question 26

When does the ability to release eggs start?

Answer 26

puberty

Question 27

What are the 2 main cycles that happen in a female?

Answer 27

Ovarian and Uterine cycles

Question 28

What are the 3 phases of the ovarian cycle?

Answer 28

1. Follicular phase 2. Ovulation 3. Luteal phase

Question 29

Step 1 of follicular phase

Answer 29

Primary oocyte suspended in first meiotic division at birth

Question 30

Step 2 of follicular phase

Answer 30

follicles and cells grow

Question 31

Step 3 of follicular phase

Answer 31

Antrum (fluid filled space in follicle) forms

Question 32

What stimulates growth of antrum?

Answer 32

FSH and LH

Question 33

Step 4 of follicular phase

Answer 33

Mature follicle synthesizes and secretes estradiol

Question 34

Step 1 of ovulation phase

Answer 34

Wall of follicle and ovary broken down

Question 35

What breaks down the walls of follicles and ovaries during ovulation?

Answer 35

proteases, collagenases, and prostaglandins

Question 36

Step 2 of ovulation phase

Answer 36

- primary oocyte becomes secondary oocyte (first division) | - ovum is released into abdominal cavity

Question 37

Step 1 of luteal phase

Answer 37

Follicular wall left behind will transform into corpus luteum under influence of LH

Question 38

Step 2 of luteal phase

Answer 38

corpus luteum produces progesterone and estrogen

Question 39

Name the histology layers of the uterus

Answer 39

endometrium, myometrium and perimetrium

Question 40

What happens to the endometrium during menstruation?

Answer 40

Stratum functionalism is sloughed off and stratum basalis replaces stratum functionalis

Question 41

What are the 3 phases of the uterine cycle?

Answer 41

1. menses 2. proliferation phase 3. secretory phase

Question 42

What happens during the menses phase?

Answer 42

degeneration and sloughing off of stratum functionalis "Menstruation"

Question 43

What happens during proliferation phase

Answer 43

regrowth of endometrium

Question 44

What happens during secretory phase?

Answer 44

endometrium glands secrete special mucous in response to progesterone and estrogen to prepare for potential implantation of a fertilized ovum

Question 45

What happens if fertilization does not occur?

Answer 45

corpus luteum will degenerate and the stratum functionalis will be lost with menses

Question 46

What hormone is released by a growing human embryo?

Answer 46

hCG

Question 47

What does hCG do?

Answer 47

halts the cycle by rescuring the corpus luetum from degeneration to support pregnancy

Question 48

After several months of pregnancy, what takes over hormone production?

Answer 48

placenta

Question 49

List the days between each uterine phase

Answer 49

menses: 1-5 proliferation: 6-14 secretory: 17 - 28