WHO - WHAT - WHERE - WHEN - WHY - HOW Flashcards
List of alternative interrogatory forms.
Can Is Am Are Were Can Will Should Would Could Define Must Shall
IS / AM / ARE / WERE (interrogatory pronouns)
Is the “x” available to…?
Were they able to…?
Are you ready to…?
HAVE / HAS / HAD
Have you finished?
MODAL VERBS would could should ought
FUTURE Will Would Could Should When Can
Define the word “x” What does “x” mean? What did “x”? Can you do “x”? Can I have “x”? Can you go? Are you able to ”x”? Will you do “x”? When will…? When did…? Would you do “x”? Should you do “x”? Do you have “x”? Did the “x” have anything to do with it? Does your “x” have? Have you done “x”? Has your “x” finished the…? Will there be…? Have the “x” arrived? Have they…? How often did…? Is the “x” operating properly? Is that…? Show me how to do it? Ought you do that? Should you do that? Would you do that?
Must I do that?
Shall I do that?
Do I need to…?
Do I have to…?
Is it necessary that I…?
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πόσο
Adverb
πόσο • (póso)
how much, how many
Πόσο κάνει; (Póso kánei?, “How much?”)
Πόσο κοστίζει; (Póso kostízei?, “How much does it cost?”)
Adverb
how much
(interrogative) To what degree; to what extent.
How much do you like me?
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Could I do that?
θα μπορούσα να το κάνω αυτό
Could you do that?
θα μπορούσες να το κάνεις αυτό
Could he do that?
θα μπορούσε να το κάνει αυτό
Could we do that?
θα μπορούσαμε να το κάνουμε αυτό
Could y’all do that?
θα μπορούσατε να το κάνετε αυτό
Could they do that?
θα μπορούσαν να το κάνουν αυτό
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WILL
Will I do that?
θα το κανω αυτο?
Will you do that?
θα το κανεις αυτο?
Will he do that?
θα το κανει αυτο?
Will we do that?
θα το κανουμε αυτο?
Will y’all do that?
θα το κανετε ολοι αυτο;
Will they do that?
θα το κανουν αυτο?
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SHOULD
Should I do that?
πρεπει να το κανω αυτο?
Should you do that?
πρεπει να το κανεις αυτο?
Should he do that?
πρέπει να το κάνει αυτό;
Should we do that?
πρεπει να το κανουμε αυτο?
Should y’all do that?
πρέπει να το κάνετε αυτό;
Should they do that?
πρεπει να το κανουν αυτο?
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WOULD
Verb
έκανα • (ékana)
1st person singular simple past form of κάνω (káno).
Subjunctive Mood - Formed using present, dependent (for simple past) or present perfect from above with a particle (να, ας).
κάνει • (kánei)
3rd person singular present form of κάνω (káno).
θα κάνει — tha kánei (future simple and continuous future forms)
3rd person singular simple past subjunctive form of κάνω (káno).
Would I do that?
θα το εκανα αυτο;
Would you do that?
θα το έκάνεις αυτό;
Would he do that?
θα το έκανες αυτό;
Would we do that?
θα το καναμε αυτο;
Would y’all do that?
θα το κάνατε αυτό;
Would they do that?
θα το έκαναν αυτό;
ποιος
οποίος
οι οποίοι
WHO
Pronoun
ποιος • (poios) m (feminine ποια, neuter ποιο) interrogative
who
Ποιος είναι ο επισκέπτης;
Poios eínai o episképtis?
Who is the caller?
επισκέπτης
visitor • ( episkeptis ) m ( plural visitors , feminine visitor )
visitor , guest
Visitor professor - episképtis kathigitís - visiting professor
district nurse
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Ποιος;
Poios?
Who’s that?, Who’s there?, Who is it?
which
Ποιο βιβλίο θέλεις;
Poio vivlío théleis?
Which book do you want?
(in accusative case) who, whom
Σε ποιον το έδωσες;
Se poion to édoses?
To whom did you give it?
(in genitive case) whose
Ποιανού είναι η πετσέτα;
Poianoú eínai i petséta?
Whose is the towel?
Pronoun
οποίος • (opoíos) m (feminine οποία, neuter οποίο) relative pronoun
who, which, that
το βιβλίο το οποίο έχετε διαβάσει
to vivlío to opoío échete diavásei
the book which you have read
τα άτομα τα οποία μισούν τη βία
ta átoma ta opoía misoún ti vía
people who hate violence
(interjection, without article) what, such
Οποία έκπληξη!
Opoía ékplixi!
What a surprise!
(compare with) όποιος (ópoios, “whoever, whichever”)
οι οποίοι
Whose
Determiner όποιος • (ópoios) m (feminine όποια, neuter όποιο) whoever, whichever, whatever χρωμάτισε με όποιο χρώμα θέλεις chromátise me ópoio chróma théleis painted in whichever colour you wish
Pronoun
όποιος • (ópoios) m (feminine όποια, neuter όποιο) relative pronoun
whoever, whichever, whatever, any
όποιος θέλει, μπορεί να διαβάσει το βιβλίο
ópoios thélei, boreí na diavásei to vivlío
whoever wants to may read the book
Adjective
ποῖος • (poîos) m (feminine ποίᾱ, neuter ποῖον); first/second declension
(interrogative adjective) of what kind?, of what nature?, which?, what?
τί
WHAT
Pronoun
τί • (tí)
neuter nominative/accusative singular of τίς (tís), what?
oxytone form of τι (ti) before an enclitic, neuter nominative/accusative singular of τις (tis)
Etymology 2 Adverbial accusative of τίς (tís, “what”). Adverb τί • (tí) why?
τῐ́ς
WHAT KIND - ANYONE - SOMEONE
Pronoun
τίς • (tís)
oxytone form of τις (tis, “someone, anyone”)
Pronoun τῐ́ς • (tís) interrogative (also see indefinite pronoun τὶς or τις) (substantive) (masculine, feminine) who? (neuter) what? (adjective) what? which? what kind?
που
WHERE - APPROXIMATELY
Adverb ποῦ • (poû) (interrogative adverb) where? how?, in what manner?
Adverb που • (pou) (enclitic) anywhere, somewhere possibly, perhaps about, approximately
όπου
ὅπου
WHERE
Adverb όπου • (ópou) where Η πόλη όπου ζει η μητέρα μου. I póli ópou zei i mitéra mou. The town where my mother lives that when
Adverb ὅπου • (hópou) (relative, interrogative, and demonstrative adverb) where (in indirect questions) (extended senses) (of time or occasion) (of manner) by which, that (of cause) whereas (Koine demonstrative adverb)
πόθῐ
WHERE
Adverb
πόθῐ • (póthi) (Epic, Lyric, interrogative adverb)
where?
(later) whither?, to where?
ποῖ
WHITHER - WHERE
Adverb
ποῖ • (poî) (interrogative adverb)
whither? whereto? where?
Adverb
ποι • (poi)
to somewhere, somewhither
Like the indefinite adverb ποι (poi), a locative adverb from Proto-Indo-European kʷos + -ι (-i, locative adverb suffix).
ὅτ
ὅτε
ὅταν
Όταν
WHEN, WHENEVER - WHILE - DURING
From ὅτ’ (“when”) + ἄν (án, modal particle)
Adverb
ὅτ’ • (hót’)
Apocopic form of ὅτε (hóte)
Adverb
ὅτε • (hóte) (relative adverb)
(of time) when
(with indicative, to denote single events) when
(with present, of a thing now happening)
(rarely with future)
(with optative, to denote repeated events or actions in past time)
(of future events which are represented as uncertain, in clauses dependent on a verb in optative or subjunctive)
(only in Epic and Lyric poets, with subjunctive)
(in Homer, to introduce a simile)
(with other particles)
(causal sense) whereas
(absolute) sometimes, now and then
όταν (ótan, “when, while”)
Conjunction
ὅτᾰν • (hótan)
(with a conditional force, about events likely to recur) whenever, when
From Ancient Greek ὅταν (hótan).
Conjunction
όταν • (ótan)
when, while, during, whenever, if
Όταν είστε στην Αθήνα.
Ótan eíste stin Athína.
When you are in Athens.
Synonyms
πότε (póte, “when”)
αν (an, “if”)
Adverb
ὅτ’ • (hót’)
Apocopic form of ὅτε (hóte)
Adverb
ὅτε • (hóte) (relative adverb)
(of time) when
(with indicative, to denote single events) when
(with present, of a thing now happening)
(rarely with future)
(with optative, to denote repeated events or actions in past time)
(of future events which are represented as uncertain, in clauses dependent on a verb in optative or subjunctive)
(only in Epic and Lyric poets, with subjunctive)
(in Homer, to introduce a simile)
(with other particles)
(causal sense) whereas
(absolute) sometimes, now and then
ὅτεπερ
EVEN WHEN
From ὅτε (hóte, when) + περ (ecliptic adding force, emphasis)
Adverb
ὅτεπερ • (hóteper)
even when
Particle
περ • (per) (most common in Epic and Lyric)
Enclitic particle that follows the word it modifies and adds force to it.
Conjunction
εἴπερ • (eíper)
Strengthened form of εἰ (ei, “if”)
if really, if indeed, even if, even though
(in Attic, to imply that the supposition agrees with the fact, with the imperfect it implies that it is contrary to the fact)
Conjunction
εἰ • (ei)
if
Conjunction[edit]
ἐπεί • (epeí)
(of time) after, after that, since, when
(with indicative)
(of a definite occurrence in past time, mostly with aorist)
(with implied reference to some later time)
(with subjunctive, ἄν (án) often being added)
(referring to future time)
(referring generally to any one of a number of instances, with a present apodosis of repeated action) whenever, when once
(with optative, without ἄν (án))
(referring to future time)
(more frequently, referring generally to any one of a number of past instances, with a past apodosis of repeated action)
(in indirect speech after past tenses, representing a subjunctive in direct speech)
(with infinitive, only be assimilation in indirect speech)
(with other words)
(with τάχιστα (tákhista))
(with various emphatic particles)
(causal) since, seeing that
(with indicative)
(in most of the constructions which are found in independent sentences)
(with infinitive in indirect speech)
(in various elliptical expressions)
(sometimes epexegetic, introducing a narrative)
Conjunction
ἐπειδή • (epeidḗ)
(strengthened form of ἐπεί (epeí)) after, since
From ἐπί (epí, “on”) + εἰ (ei, “if”).
From ἐπεί (epeí, “after, since”) + δή (dḗ, “emphatic particle”)
Particle δή • (dḗ) (discourse particle) Adds temporal specificity: now, already Adds emphasis: truly, ! Adds specificity: exactly With pronouns: of all people
Conjunction
δή • (dḗ)
but, and
πότε
WHEN
Adverb
πότε • (póte)
when
Πότε πάτε στην Αγγλία;
Póte páte stin Anglía?
When are you going to England?
πότε
Adverb
πότε • (póte) (interrogative adverb)
when? at what time?
From Proto-Indo-European *kʷokʷe, from *kʷos + *-kʷe
equivalent to πο- (po-) + τε (te).
See its indefinite form ποτέ (poté).
πότε-πότε (póte-póte, “sometimes, now and then”)
See also
ποτέ (poté, “never”)
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Conjunction τε • (te) and, also or untranslatable (after each item in a list) and (combined with καί (kaí), untranslatable)
ποτέ
WHENEVER
Adverb ποτέ • (poté) at some time, once, ever presumably, possibly whatever, whoever
Adverb[edit] ποτέ • (poté) ever, at any time (emphatic) Θα σταματήσεις ποτέ αυτή τη φασαρία; Tha stamatíseis poté aftí ti fasaría? Will you ever stop this trouble? Γύρισε και είναι καλύτερα από ποτέ. Gýrise kai eínai kalýtera apó poté. He is back and better than ever. not ever, never (when used with the negative) Δεν τρώει ποτέ κρέας. Den tróei poté kréas. He never eats meat. Η Ελένη δεν είναι ποτέ στην ώρα της. I Eléni den eínai poté stin óra tis. Eleni is never on time.
Γιατί
γιατί
WHY - FOR WHAT?
From για (gia, “for”) + τί (tí, “what”)
Adverb
γιατί • (giatí)
(interrogative) why
For what?
Γιατί είσαι εδώ;
Giatí eísai edó?
Why are you here?
Ξέρεις γιατί δεν ήρθαν;
Xéreis giatí den írthan?
Do you know why they did not come?
Conjunction
γιατί • (giatí)
because
Δεν πήγα, γιατί είμαι άρρωστος.
Den píga, giatí eímai árrostos.
I did not go, because I was sick.
Noun γιατί • (giatí) n (indeclinable) why, the reason why Θέλω να μάθω το γιατί. Thélo na mátho to giatí. I want to discover why.
πως
HOW
Adverb
πῶς • (pôs)
how?, in what way?
Adverb
πως • (pōs) (indefinite adverb)
In any way, at all, by any means
In a certain way
Adverb πώς • (pós) (interrogative) how (in what way or manner; in what state; to what extent) Πώς είστε; Pós eíste? How are you? Πώς τολμάς να μου μιλάς έτσι; Pós tolmás na mou milás étsi? How dare you speak to me like that? Πώς μπορώ να ετοιμαστώ για τις εξετάσεις; Pós boró na etoimastó gia tis exetáseis? How can I prepare for exams?
Adverb πώς • (pṓs) stressed form of πως (pōs) Noun πώς • (pṓs) m (genitive ποδός); third declension Doric form of πούς (poús, “foot”)
Noun
πούς • (poús) m (genitive ποδός); third declension
foot
leg
(unit of measure) Greek foot or pous, the ancient Greek and Byzantine unit of length originally based upon the length of a shod foot
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Do not confuse with
Conjunction πως • (pos) that (introducing a clause) Νόμιζα πως είχες φύγει ήδη. Nómiza pos eíches fýgei ídi. I thought (that) you'd already left. Επιμένει πως δε συμβαίνει τίποτα. Epiménei pos de symvaínei típota. He insists that nothing's going on.
LIST OF “Where” QUESTIONS
WHERE
από που είσαι
Where are you from?
από ποια χώρα είσαι?
Where “what” country are you from?
που πήγα;
Where did I go?
πού πήγες;
Where did you go?
που πήγε?
Where did he go?
που πήγαμε;
Where did we go?
που πηγαν;
Where did they go?
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που ημουν?
Where was I?
που ήσουν?
Where were you?
που ήταν αυτός?
Where was he?
που ημουν;
Where were we?
που ήσαστε?
Where were y’all?
που ήταν;
Where were they?
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Πού είμαι?
Where am I?
που είσαι?
Where are you?
πού είναι;
Where is he?
που είμαστε;
Where are we?
που είστε; / που είσαστε;
Where are y’all?
πού είναι?
Where are they?
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Που πηγες σημερα;
Where did you go today?
που πήγε;
Where did he go?
Πού πάνε αυτοί;
Where did they go?
που πήγαμε;
Where did we go?
πού πήγες σχολείο;
Where did you go to school?
που πήγες Κολέγιο;
Where did you go to college?
πού έβαλα το πορτοφόλι μου;
Where did I put my wallet?
που πηγαίνεις για διακοπές;
where are you going on vacation?
πού θα είσαι αύριο;
where will you be tomorrow?
που είναι το μαγαζί?
Where is the store?
που το είδατε τελευταία;
Where did you last see it?
πού ήσουν χθες το βράδυ?
Where were you last night:
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πώς θα ξέρετε πού να πάτε;
How will you know where to go?
πώς θα ξέρετε πότε να φύγετε;
How will you know when to leave?
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που είναι η συνάντηση;
Where is the meeting?
που ήταν η συνάντηση;
Where was the meeting?
που θα είναι η συνάντηση;
Where will be the meeting?
που μπορεί να είναι η συνάντηση;
Where may be the meeting?
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από πού είσαι
Where did you come from?
από που προήλθε;
Where did he come from?
από πού ήρθαμε;
Where did we come from?
Από πού προέρχονται;
Where did they come from?
Από πού προέρχεται;
Where did it come from?
