12 Blood (Lecture)

Question 1

Blood transports what?

Answer 1

dissolved substances especially O2 and CO2, nutrients waste and hormones

Question 2

How does blood restrict fluid loss?

Answer 2

With clotting factors when a vessel is damaged

Question 3

How does blood defend the body?

Answer 3

It defends against pathogens with WBC antibodies

Question 4

How does blood regualte temp.

Answer 4

Getting rid of heat or keeping it.

Question 5

What are unformed elements?

Answer 5

Non cellular elements of blood. Plasma, Serum, Plasma protiens (fibrinogens, immunoglobulins, albumins)

Question 6

Plasma is

Answer 6

95% water

Question 7

Serum is

Answer 7

plasma with all the clotting factors removed and all cellular elements removed

Question 8

The 3 primary plasma protiens are

Answer 8

Fibrinogens, Immunoglobulins, Albumins

Question 9

Fibrinogens are

Answer 9

clotting factors. all are produced by liver

Question 10

Immunoglobulins (Ig) are

Answer 10

antibodies (protiens not cells) defend body against pathogen. B lymphocytes

Question 11

Immunoglobulins, and order B cells present them

Answer 11

MADGE IgM IgA IgD IgG IgE

Question 12

Albumins are

Answer 12

the most abundant plasma protien. they regulate PH, maintain osmotic pressure in the blood and are produced in the liver

Question 13

What are formed elements of blood?

Answer 13

Cellular elements of blood

Question 14

RBC’s are

Answer 14

Erythrocytes are with out nucleus

Question 15

What type of cell is biconcave and why?

Answer 15

Erythrocytes are due to the loss of the nucleous. only cells of this shape can fold to get through capillaires

Question 16

What is Erythropoiesis

Answer 16

production of RBC’s in the bone marrow.

Question 17

RBC’s eject organelles for what reason?

Answer 17

To make room for hemoglobin (Hb)

Question 18

What is the life span of a RBC?

Answer 18

120 days

Question 19

What does Hemoglobin (Hb) trasport?

Answer 19

O2 and CO2

Question 20

Hematocrit consists of

Answer 20

RBC’s only no plasma

Question 21

What is a Antigen (Ag)

Answer 21

a protien that acts as an identifying marker on a cell.

Question 22

What are Antibodies (Ig)?

Answer 22

attach to their identical matching antigen

Question 23

Blood type Antigen & Antibody

Answer 23

a person cannot have the same antigen and antibody or it would kill all of your blood cells.

Question 24

Blood type A person has what antigen and antibody?

Answer 24

A antigen and B antibody

Question 25

A person with B+ blood has

Answer 25

B antigen A antibody and RH factor

Question 26

Universal Recipient

Answer 26

AB zero antibodies

Question 27

Universal Donor

Answer 27

O AB atibodies

Question 28

Agglutinogen =

Answer 28

Antigen

Question 29

Agglutinin =

Answer 29

Antibody

Question 30

WBC's =

Answer 30

Lukocytes

Question 31

WBC's defend against

Answer 31

pathogens

Question 32

WBC's move?

Answer 32

independently can move against the flow of blood. can even escape a vessel.

Question 33

What are the 2 classes of WBC's?

Answer 33

Granulocytes and Agranulocytes

Question 34

Granulocytes all have a

Answer 34

Dark staining and unusually shaped nucleus.

Question 35

Answer 35

Question 36

Neutrophils

Answer 36

all have multilobed nucleous primarily attack invading bacteria

Question 37

Agranulocytes are all?

Answer 37

mononuclear

Question 38

Eosinophils

Answer 38

bilobed nucleous primarily attack parasites

Question 39

Basoaphils

Answer 39

rarest do not attack anything. Release Heparin and Histamine Heparin inhibits blood clotting Histamine triggers inflamation response

Question 40

Diapedesis means

Answer 40

to exit the circulatory system

Question 41

Monocytes are?

Answer 41

The largest WBC. C shaped nucleus. Like to squeeze out of blood vessels

Question 42

Macrophage is

Answer 42

Large eating cell

Question 43

What are monocytes called when the are out of the blood stream?

Answer 43

Macrophages

Question 44

Lymphocytes

Answer 44

Have a very large round nucleous

Question 45

What do T-lymphocytes do?

Answer 45

Primarily attack virally infected cells.

Question 46

What do monocytes become?

Answer 46

APC antigen presenting cells

Question 47

Lymphocytes attack?

Answer 47

virally infected cells or cancer cells

Question 48

T-lymphocytes are produced\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_and mature in the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_

Answer 48

bone marrow thymus

Question 49

B lymphocytes are

Answer 49

antibody making cells

Question 50

Both T & B lymphocytes are produced where?

Answer 50

bone marrow

Question 51

NK Lymphocytes

Answer 51

NK = Natural Killer Will remove any abnormal or dead cells such as CA cells.

Question 52

Which cells participate in the immune response

Answer 52

T & B Lymphocytes

Question 53

Platelets have

Answer 53

no nucleus

Question 54

Megakaryocytes

Answer 54

are where platelets are made by megakaryocytes breaking apart

Question 55

Vascular phase of platelets

Answer 55

when damage begins to spasum or constrict

Question 56

Platelet phase

Answer 56

within 20 sec of injury platelets begin to stick and accumulate

Question 58

Coagulation phase of platelets

Answer 58

clotting protiens form a blood clot.

Question 59

Humans have

Answer 59

sterile blood

Question 60

Bacteriemia

Answer 60

bacteria in the blood that is not reproducing

Question 61

Septicemia

Answer 61

bacteria in the blood that are reproducing. Super sick.