18 Urinary System (Lecture) 8

Question 1

Functions of Urinary stystem

Answer 1

Electrolyte balance, Removal of waste, stabilize blood pH, regulate BP, conversion of nutrients

Question 2

Upper urinary tract includes…

Answer 2

kidney only

Question 3

Lower urinary tract includes…

Answer 3

ureters, bladder and urethra

Question 4

Filtration system consists of…

Answer 4

nephrons clean the blood

Question 5

Collection system cosists of …

Answer 5

every part of kidney and the lower urinary tract except the nephron make up the collection system

Question 6

Where are kidneys located?

Answer 6

in the Retroperitoneum

Question 7

*Where is Paranephric fat located?

Answer 7

surrounds kidney and adreanal gland connects kidneys to posterior abdominal wall.

Question 8

*Where is Paranephric capsule?

Answer 8

Fibrus connective tissue surrounds kidney and adrenal gland.

Question 9

*Where is Perinephric fat located?

Answer 9

Surround kidney only not adrenal

Question 10

What is Renal capsule?

Answer 10

non functional layer just connective tissue

Question 11

Renal cortex is comprised of…

Answer 11

Nephrons and Renal columns

Question 12

What are nephrons?

Answer 12

Located in the cortex, cleans blood, 1,000,000 in each kidney. Can lose 75% and be fine.

Question 13

Renal columns are?

Answer 13

Where the cortex projects into medulla

Question 14

Renal medulla is where?

Answer 14

functional middle triangles

Question 15

Renal Pyramids contain…

Answer 15

tubes that drain urine from the nephron

Question 16

Renal Pelvis is where?

Answer 16

inner most layer of kidney is part ureter

Question 17

Calyces are….

Answer 17

cups that drain urine from the pyramids.

Question 18

Transitional epithelium is able to

Answer 18

Strech and change shape

Question 19

• Renal sinuses are where?

Answer 19

empty spaces bestween the calyces

Question 20

*Blood vessels of the kidney…

Answer 20

Renal artery and vein, Interlobar vessels, arcuate vessels, cortical radiates.

Question 21

*Renal artery extends from

Answer 21

aorta to kidney

Question 22

*Renal vein extends from

Answer 22

kidney to inferior vena cava

Question 23

*Interlobar vessels run…

Answer 23

the boarder between pyramids

Question 24

*Arcuate vessels run…

Answer 24

boarder between cortex and medulla

Question 25

*Cortical Radiates AKA Interlob(U)lar vessels run...

Answer 25

into the cortex

Question 26

Afferent arteriole does...

Answer 26

brings blood into the glomerelus

Question 27

The Glomerulus is?

Answer 27

a capillary bed

Question 28

Efferent arterioles do what?

Answer 28

drains blood out of the glomerulus and delivers blood to peritubular capillary

Question 29

Peritubular capillary does what?

Answer 29

absorbs nutrients, water and salt

Question 30

Juxtaglomerular Complex (Apparatus)

Answer 30

endocrine structure makes Erythropoietin and Renin

Question 31

Erythropoietin does what?

Answer 31

stimulates bone marrow to produce mare RBC

Question 32

Renin does what?

Answer 32

Regulates BP and Electrolytes like sodium and potassium

Question 33

Collecting ducts do what?

Answer 33

They drain urine from the nephrons

Question 34

Renal Papillae are...

Answer 34

openings where urine flows out of collecting ducts

Question 35

Calyces minor and major do what?

Answer 35

drain urine from pyramids

Question 36

Renal pelvis does what?

Answer 36

drains urine from the calyces

Question 37

Hilum

Answer 37

notch in kidney

Question 38

Ureters

Answer 38

drain urine from the pelvis to the bladder

Question 39

Bladder sits where?

Answer 39

Retropubic

Question 40

What is the detrusor?

Answer 40

Thick wall of smooth muscle empties bladder

Question 41

What lines the inside of the bladder?

Answer 41

transitional epithelium

Question 42

What are the ridges that allow the bladder to expand?

Answer 42

Rugae

Question 43

Trigone of bladder does what?

Answer 43

Funnels direct urine to urethra

Question 44

What is the volume of the bladder when we first notice we have to pee?

Answer 44

200ml

Question 45

What is the volume of the bladder when we have to go NOW?

Answer 45

500ml

Question 46

What is the volume of the bladder when we lose the ability to hold it?

Answer 46

800ml

Question 47

What holds the bladder in place?

Answer 47

Median umbilical ligament

Question 48

Prostatic portion of the urethra....

Answer 48

passes through prostate

Question 49

Membranous portion of urethra...

Answer 49

passes through the muscle of the pelvic floor

Question 50

Cavernous portion of urethra...

Answer 50

passes through the male genitalia

Question 51

Internal urethral sphincter...

Answer 51

relaxes with urinary reflex

Question 52

External urethral sphincter...

Answer 52

involentary control

Question 53

What is the Micturition Reflex?

Answer 53

Urinary reflex loacated in Pons

Question 54

60% of the body's water is...

Answer 54

inside cells it's intracellular

Question 55

40% of the body's water is.....

Answer 55

outside cell's it's extracellular

Question 56

Males are ?% water

Answer 56

60

Question 57

Females are ?% water

Answer 57

50

Question 58

Where does fluid intake come from?

Answer 58

60% Ingestion, 30% solid foods, 10% metabolic water (water made by breaking down nutrients)

Question 59

Where does fluid output come from?

Answer 59

60% urine, 4% Feces, 8% Perspiraton, 28% Exhaling.

Question 60

What types of fluid loss are insensible?

Answer 60

perspiration and exhaling

Question 61

Diuretic

Answer 61

any chemical that cause you to lose water (lasix, coffee)

Question 62

ADH is..

Answer 62

Anti diuretic hormone (stims retention of water)

Question 63

Aldosterone does what

Answer 63

helps the body retain salt (water follow salt)

Question 64

Alcohol

Answer 64

Inhibits (ADH) causes you to lose water