19 Reproductive (Lecture) 8 Flashcards
1
Q
Puberty marks
A
reproductive maturity M-12yo F-11yo
2
Q
Adolescence marks
A
mental maturity F18-20 M?
3
Q
somatic cells contain
A
a full compliment of chromosomes
4
Q
Sex Chromosomes
A
X & Y are the 23rd
5
Q
Female chromosomes
A
XX
6
Q
Male chromosomes
A
XY
7
Q
Barr bodies
A
X chromosome goes dormant
8
Q
Autosomes are the ____________chromosomes
A
Non sex chromosomes
9
Q
gametes are
A
Sex cells
10
Q
Gametes contain how many chromosomes
A
23
11
Q
Meiosis is?
A
cell division that reduces chromosome numbers by half
12
Q
Testes
A
gamets found here
13
Q
Spermatozoa=
A
Sperm
14
Q
Where does Meiosis occur?
A
Ovaries
15
Q
Oocyte=
A
egg
16
Q
Polar bodies=
A
the eggs that die
17
Q
How many eggs does a 5mo gestation female have?
A
6-7 million
18
Q
How many eggs does a new born female have?
A
2 million
19
Q
How many eggs does a female at puberty have?
A
300,000
20
Q
What is the scrotum comprised of
A
it is a fibro muscular sack holds testes
21
Q
Testes are
A
internal genitailia
22
Q
*Seminiferous tubules are located where?
A
they are ducts inside the testes
23
Q
*Seminiferous tubules are comprised of two types of cells…
A
Spermatogonia and Nurse cells
24
Q
*Spermatogonia cells…
A
are stem cells the produce new male sperm cells (sex cells are dormant (non-swimming)
25
*Nurse cells...
produce blood teste barrier. No blood is allowed in this area
26
Blood testis barrier
WBC's would destroy spem cells
27
Seminiferous fluid
produced by nurse cells carry sperm
28
Interstitial cell of the testes
makes testosterone
29
The Male duct system includes
Epididymis, Spermatic cord, Ductus deferens, Ampulla, Ejaculatory duct, Inguinal canals, Urethra
30
Epididymis does what
Stores inactive sperm cells
31
Spermatic cord
connects testes to male pelvis
32
Ductus deferens has two parts
Ampulla thick distal end & the Ejaculatory duct which passes through the prostate sperm cells only enter during ejactulation.
33
Inguinal canals
openings that allow testes out of male pelvis
34
Urethra Male
common passage for urine and sex cells.
35
When do sperm cells begin swimming?
When the come in contract with fructose
36
Seminal vesicles
deposite 60% of volume of semin
37
Prostate gland contributes
30% of the volume of semen and a substance that prevents UTI
38
Bulbourethral glands contribute
5% of the volume of semen and an alkaline mucus that stabilizes the pH of the urethra.
39
Seminal Fluid
from glands not including sperm cells
40
Semen
seminal fluid including sex cells
41
Male Hormones
FSH, LH, Testosterone
42
FSH male
comes from anterior pituitary stimulates production of sperm cells.
43
LH male
stimulates release of testosterone
44
Testosterone male
responsible for primary and secondary sex characteristics
45
Cortex of an ovary
outter edge contains eggs
46
Oocytes=
eggs
47
Follicle
surrounds and protects an egg. It is the follicle that expands and grows not the egg
48
Medulla of ovary
no eggs in the medulla
49
Ovarian ligament
attaches the ovary to the uterus
50
Suspensory ligament
attaches ovary to abdominal wall
51
*Ampulla (latin for flask) of fallopian tube (oviduct)
second portion of the fallopian tube. It is an intermediate dilated portion, which curves over the ovary. It is the most common site of fertilization.
52
Oviducts =
Fallopian tube
53
*Fimbriae
a fringe of tissue around the lateral end of the Fallopian tube. catches a released egg
54
*Infundibulum
infundibulum is between the ampulla and the fimbriae.
| Together, the infundibulum and fimbria find the oocyte after ovulation.
55
*Isthmus
visible medial third of the uterine tube is the isthmus of uterine tube.
56
Cilia inside the fallopian tube
create a current the egg rides on
57
Peristalsis of the fallopian tube
contractions of smooth muscle push the egg along
58
Uterus has three layers
Perimetrium, Myometrium, Endometrium
59
Perimetrium
surrounding connective tissue
60
Myometrium
muscle layer
61
Endometrium
layer that grow every month part of this layer is shed every month.
62
Fornix of Uterus (The word 'fornix' is Latin for 'arch')
The fornices uterus are the deepest portions of the vagina, extending into the recesses created by the vaginal portion of cervix.
63
Round ligament
connects uterus to anterior pelvis
64
Uteralsacral ligament
connects uterus to sacrum
65
Broad ligament has 3 parts
Mesovarium, Mesosalpinx, Mesometrium
66
Mesovarium
ligament around ovary
67
Mesosalpinx
ligament around fallopian tube
68
Mesometrium
connects to uterus
69
pudendum
the external genital organs of a human being and especially of a woman
70
Mons veneris
this is where round ligament attaches to uterus
71
Labia majora
the rest of the round ligament attaches here
72
Labia minora
protects the vestibule
73
The vestibule =
Transistion zone
74
Urethral orifice
opening for urine
75
vaginal orifice
opening to birth canal
76
hymen
thin covering of skin
77
vestibular gland ostia
opening to vestibular gland
78
Introitus
birth canal only
79
vestibular glands
mucus making
80
lactiferous lobes (mammary glands) have
alveoli, laterferous ducts, and suspensatory ligaments
81
Mammary Alveoli
hollow spheres that make milk
82
lactiferous ducts
transport milk toward nipple
83
Suspensory ligaments
attach mammary glands to chest wall
84
Prolactin
responsible for production of milk
85
Oxytocin
release of milk during nursing the let down reflex
86
Pre ovulation cycle
first 14 days
87
*Estrogen
gives females primary and secondary sex characteristics
88
Ovulation
release of an egg from a follicle occurs around day 14
89
Menstruation
marks the beginning of the cycle
90
Proliferative phase
when endomytrium is regrowing
91
*Corpus luteum is
an empty follicle
92
*Corpus albicans is
scar leftover from inactive luteum
