7 Skeletal System (Lecture) Flashcards
1
Q
Bones store 2 types of calcium
A
Calcium phosphate (hard) and calcium carbonate (soft)
2
Q
bone marrow makes…
A
RBC & WBC
3
Q
The diaphysis of the bone is
A
the shaft
4
Q
The epiphysis of the bone is
A
rounded ends with articular surface
5
Q
The medullary canal of the bone is
A
the center
6
Q
*What type of bone is hard
A
cortical
7
Q
*What is an osteoid
A
non-mineralized bone - catilage
8
Q
*What is the thin covering over a bone that contains nerves
A
periosteum
9
Q
***XXX Laminar lamella
A
flat curved outside of bone
10
Q
*What do you call a system of rings of bone around a vessel
A
Osteon
11
Q
*Chambers that hold a bone cell
A
lucuna
12
Q
***XXX microscopic cracks in lamella
A
Canalliculi
13
Q
*partially digested osteon
A
interstitial lamella
14
Q
*perforating canals (horizontal on bone model)
A
Volkmans canals
15
Q
*circular osteonic canals (vertical on bone model)
A
Haversian canals
16
Q
Cancellous bone is
A
spongy
17
Q
between bone and marrow
A
endosteum
18
Q
rods of bone covered by endosteum
A
trabeculae
19
Q
Bone marrow has red parts and yellow parts
A
Red are WBC & RBC yellow is Adipose
20
Q
Osteoprogenitor
A
stem cell that makes bone
21
Q
***XXX Osteoblasts
A
Bone making
22
Q
***XXX Osteoclasts
A
Bone dissolving
23
Q
Osteocytes
A
Mature bone cells
24
Q
*Appositional growth
A
makes bone thicker
25
*Interstitial growth
lengthens bones
26
***XXX In the Epiphyseal growth plates the non-dividing catilage cells are
the Resting Zone
27
*In the Epiphyseal growth plates the growth zone is
cartilage cells begin to divide rapidly any place where a bone grows (growth plate)
28
*In the Epiphyseal growth plates transformation zone is
catilage cells begin to die
29
*In the Epiphyseal growth plates osteogenic zone is
osteoblasts migrate to empty spaces
30
***XXX Epiphyseal lines are
dormant growth plates
31
* Nutrient arteries
enter from outside the bone marrow. enter through an opening called the nutrient foramen
32
*Periosteal arteries
never enter a bone
33
***XXX Metaphyseal Arteries
supply a growth plate
34
* Epiphyseal ateries
joints supplied with blood
35
***XXX Axial skeleton includes
Head Spine Ribs
36
Neurocranial bones are
bones that protect the brain
37
Bones of the neurocrainium 8 total
1 ethmoid bone,1 frontal bone, 1 occipital bone,
2 parietal bones, 1 sphenoid bone,
2 temporal bones
38
Which bone of the neurocranium has a Zygomatic process, styloid process, mastoid process, and an external acoustic canal.
Temporal bone
39
Which bone of the neurocrainium has a foramen magnum, & occipital condyles
Occipital bone
40
What do the occipital condyles do
they articulate with the spine
41
Which bone of the neurocrainium has a sinus and a fossa for the pituitary
Spenoid
42
Which bone of the neurocrainium contains the cribriform plate, the olfactory foramina, crista gali, and the perpendicualr plate
Ethmoid bone
43
Bones that make up the Viscerocranium (Facial bones)
Lacrimal bones, Mandible, Maxilla, Nasal bones, Palatine bones, Vomer,
Zygomatic bones
44
Which bones of the Viscerocranium make up the orbital complex.
Frontal, Maxilla, Zygomatic, Lacrimal, Ethmoid, Sphenoid, Palatine.
45
What is the vertical part of the mandible called?
Mandibular Ramus
46
Which part of the mandible articulates with the maxilla
Mandibular condyles
47
***XXX Where is the coronoid process of the mandible
just anterior to the mandibular condyles
48
What do you call the horizontal part of the mandible that holds teeth
Mandibular body
49
What do you call the point of the chin
Mentum of mandible
50
Where is the nasion suture
between nasal bone and fronal bone
51
Where is the pterion suture
between sphenoidal and parietal bones
52
Paranasal sinuses are air filled and come in pairs they are
Frontal, Maxillary, Ethmoid, and Sphenoid
53
26 Vertebral bones
Atlas, Axis, 5 cervical, 12 thoracic, 5 Lumbar, Sacrum, Coccyx
54
How many vertebra are in the cervical spine
7
55
How many vertebra are in the thoracic spine
12
56
How many vertebra are in the Lumbar spine
5
57
What movements are the cervical vertebra capable of
Flexing and rotating
58
What movements are the throacic vertebra capable of
Rotating, NO Flexing
59
What movements are the lumbar vertebra capable of
Flexing, NO Rotating
60
When does a person acquire the primary curvatures of the spine
born with
61
When does a person acquire the secondary curvatures of the spine
Cervical when baby holds head up. Lumbar when baby sits.
62
What are the primary curves of the spine?
Thoracic and sacral
63
What are the secondary curves of the spine?
Cervical and Lumbar
64
Which piece of the spine marks the center of gravity of a human being
Sacral prominatory of the sacrum
65
Appendicular Skeleton includes
shoulder pelvis arms and legs
66
What bones make up the pectoral girdle
clavicle and scapula
67
Which part of the humerus is a distal lateral round knob that aticulates with the radius
Capitulum
68
Which part of the humerus is a distal medial hour glass shaped that articulates with the ulna
Trochlea
69
Which part of the humerus is a distal and posterior fossa that holds the elbow when you extend your arm
Olecranon fossa
70
What notch is below the illium and above the ischial spine
Greater Sciatic notch
71
What notch is just below the greater sciatic notch
Lesser Sciatic notch
72
What bone of the foot bears all the weight
Talus
73
What is another name for the Calcaneal Tendon
Achilles tendon
74
what type of joint does not move
synthroses skull
75
what type of joint only moves a small amount
Amphiarthroses spine
76
what type of joint is freely moveable
Diathroses knee
77
What type of joint had protien fibers knit two bones together
Fibrous (suture) skull
78
What type of joint has large amounts of cartilage
Cartilagenous Spine discs
79
What type of joint is filled with fluid
Synovial knee
