44. SUMMARY OF THE MITOTIC PHASE

Question 1

1. What is Prophase?

Answer 1

• the chromatic fibres condense
• they condense into distinct chromosomes
• the nucleoli disappear
• nuclear membrane degradation begins
• the mitotic spindle begins to form

Question 2

2. What is the Mitotic Spindle made out of?

Answer 2

• centrosomes
• microtubules

Question 3

3. What is Prometaphase?

Answer 3

• the nuclear envelope fragments
• this is what starts the Prometaphase
• the microtubules extend from each centrosome
• these microtubules invade the nuclear area
• they bind to the chromosomes
• the chromosomes become more condensed

Question 4

4. What is Metaphase?

Answer 4

• the centrosomes are now at opposite poles
• the chromosomes are aligned along the Metaphase
  Plate

Question 5

5. What is the Metaphase Plate?

Answer 5

• the imaginary plane that is equidistant
• it is between the spindle’s 2 poles

Question 6

6. What is Anaphase?

Answer 6

• the sister chromatids of each chromosome move
  towards opposite poles
• the two poles of the cell have equivalent
  collections of chromosomes (chromatids)

Question 7

7. What is Telophase?

Answer 7

• the nuclear envelope reforms
• the nucleoli reappear
• the two daughter nuclei form in the cell
• the chromosomes de-condense
• mitosis is now complete

Question 8

8. What is Cytokinesis?

Answer 8

• this is the division of the Cytoplasm
• the cells are completely separated during this stage
• the division of the cytoplasm usually begins by late
  Telophase
• the two daughter cells appear shortly after the end of
  Mitosis

Question 9

9. How does Cytokinesis occur in animal cells?

Answer 9

• through a process known as Cleavage
• this forms a cleavage furrow

Question 10

10. Provide the descriptions for the following labels.

Answer 10

1= Diploid (2n)
2= Tetraploid (4n)
3= Tetraploid (4n)
4= Tetraploid (4n)
5= Diploid (2n)