II-A. Systemic Bacteriology | 13. Lactobacillus genus. Probiotics

Question 1

I. Lactobacillus genus
1. What are the feature of Lactobacillus?

Answer 1

Question 2

I. Lactobacillus
2. What is Dysbiosis caused by Lactobacillus genus

Answer 2

• Dysbiosis: disruption of the balance of bacteria in the body
• 2 examples: Bacterial vaginosis & Cytolytic vaginosis

Question 3

I. Lactobacillus
2B. What are the features of Bacterial vaginosis (BV)?

Answer 3

• Bacterial vaginosis (BV): loss of Lactobacilli in the vagina, overgrowth of other anaerobic bacteria, pH ↑
• Vaginal smear: other bacteria attached to epithelial cells: „clue cells”
• Sy: Vaginal discharge, irritation

Question 4

I. Lactobacillus
2C2. What are the symptoms and therapy of Bacterial vaginosis (BV)?

Answer 4

• Sy: Vaginal discharge, irritation
• Th: vaginal metronidazole, clindamycin

Question 5

I. Lactobacillus
2D1. What are the features and symptoms of Cytolytic vaginosis?

Answer 5

• overgrowth of Lactobacilli in vagina, pH ↓
• Lysis of epithelial cells – Sy: vaginal discharge, pain

Question 6

I. Lactobacillus
2D2. What is the therapy for Cytolytic vaginosis?

Answer 6

Th: sodium bicarbonate douche, suppositorium

Question 7

I. Lactobacillus
3A. The role of Lactobacilli in dentistry?

Answer 7

Lactobacilli have a role in dental caries formation with Streptococcus mutans

Question 8

I. Lactobacillus
4. Give an example of lactobacillus

Answer 8

Lactobacillus acidophilus

Question 9

I. Lactobacillus
5. Describe cultivation of Lactobacillus acidophilus?

Answer 9

Cultivation: Rogosa culture media
- take part of normal flora of oral cavity, female genital tract and intestine
- homofermentres – lactic acid (L. casei)
- heterofermenters – lactic acid, etanol, acetate, CO2 (L. acidophilus)

Question 10

I. Lactobacillus genus
6. What are the features of Lactobacillus genus

Answer 10

• Sugar – lactic acid – damage of enamel - caries
• In vagina as normal flora (Döderlein rods)
• Produce acid – barrier against causative agents
• Lactobact – frezee-dried L. strains

Question 11

I. Lactobacillus genus
7. Explain the Microbial test in caries assessment

Answer 11

Question 12

II. Probiotics
1. What are Probiotics?

Answer 12

Beneficial bacteria used to improve or restore normal microbiota in the colon

Question 13

II. Probiotics
2. Give 3 examples of probiotics

Answer 13

Eg. Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Saccharomyces species

Question 14

II. Probiotics
3. What is the natural source of probiotics?

Answer 14

Natural source: fermented food (yoghurt etc.)

Question 15

II. Probiotics
4. What is the Artificial source of probiotics?

Answer 15

pills and solutions with higher conc. of bacteria – often in gastric acid resistant formulation

Question 16

II. Probiotics
5. When should we use Probiotics?

Answer 16

→ during / after antibiotic treatment
→ after viral gastroenteritis
→ inflammatory bowel disease, allergic diseases?

Question 17

II. Probiotics
6. What are prebiotics?

Answer 17

Nondigestable fibers that are beneficial for the normal microbiota of the colon