III - A. Virology | 20. Arena and Reoviruses

Question 1

I. Arenaviruses
1. What are the 3 viruses that belong to Arenaviridae genus?

Answer 1

• Lassa virus
• Lymphocytic choriomeningits virus (LCMV)
• Machupo virus

Question 2

I. Arenaviruses
2. What are the genetic material and morphology of Arenaviruses?

Answer 2

• Negative sense ssRNA, enveloped, ambisense (can encode both positively and negatively
• Helical capsid
• Grainy appearance on electron microscope
• 2 segmented

Question 3

I. Arenaviruses
3. What is the transmission of Arenaviruses

Answer 3

rodents

Question 4

I. Arenaviruses - Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV)
4A. What are the features of Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV)? (+ reservoir)

Answer 4

• reservoir: mouse, spread by bite or bodily fluids
• Infection often asymptomatic

Question 5

I. Arenaviruses - Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV)
4B. What are the symptoms of Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV)?

Answer 5

1. Fever
2. asymptomatic period
3. aseptic meningitis – headache, fever, stiff neck
4. Rarely encephalitis

Question 6

I. Arenaviruses - Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV)
4C. What are the diagnosis and treatment of Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV)?

Answer 6

• D: Ig from serum, CSF
• Treatment: not available

Question 7

I. Arenaviruses - Machupo virus: Bolivian hemorrhagic fever (BHF)
5A. What are the features of Machupo virus? (reservoir, symptoms)

Answer 7

• Reservoir: mouse
• Fever, headache, bleeding, CNS symptoms
• High mortality

Question 8

I. Arenaviruses - Machupo virus: Bolivian hemorrhagic fever (BHF)
5B. What are diagnosis and treatment of Machupo virus?

Answer 8

• D: Ig from serum, CSF
• Treatment: not available

Question 9

I. Arenaviruses
6. How do we inactivate Arenaviruses?

Answer 9

• Virus inactivated by heating, low pH, irradiation, and detergents

Question 10

II. Reoviridae
1. What are the genetic material and morphology of Reoviridae?

Answer 10

• Double stranded RNA (dsRNA) - ***ONLY double stranded RNA virus
• Positive and negative sense
• Replicates in cytoplasm
• 11 segments

Question 11

II. Reoviridae
2. What are the 2 viruses belong to Reoviridae genus?

Answer 11

• ROTAVIRUS
• Coltivirus

Question 12

II. Reoviridae
2. What is the transmission of Reoviridae?

Answer 12

• fecal -oral route
• NSP4 toxin-mediated which increases Cl-permeability

Question 13

II. Reoviridae
3. What are the diseases caused by Reoviridae?

Answer 13

1. ROTAVIRUS
   - GASTROENTERITIS mainly in children under 5y
   fever, watery diarrhea for 1 week risk of dehydration
2. Coltivirus
   - Colorado tick fever, in Rocky mountain, spread by tick

Question 14

II. Reoviridae
4. What are the features of Colorado Tick Fever Virus?

Answer 14

Coltivirus
- Infected tick bite
- Affects erythroid progenitor cells and causes flu-like symptoms

Question 15

II. Reoviridae
5. What are the diagnosis and treatment for Reoviridae?

Answer 15

1. Diagnosis: Stool (ELISA)
2. Treatment: Self-limiting, supportive care, mainly oral rehydration

Question 16

II. Reoviridae
6. How do we prevent Reoviridae?

Answer 16

• Live, attenuated oral vaccine
• Given before 3 months of age