endocrine 2 Flashcards
define graves disease
an autoimmune disease that affects thyroid gland production as too much is released
- produces igG (autoantibodies) target TSH receptors on surface of cell
- autoimmune attack= inflammation
- too much T3/4
what does the hypothalamus sense?
levels of thyroid hormones (T3/4)in bloodstream , when low it releases TRH(thyrotopin releasing hormone)
what does NFB have to do with levels of T3/4 in graves disease?
high levels of T3/4 feedback to the hypothalamus and pituitary gland telling them to stop releasing more TSH and TRH
what is Hashimotos autoimmune?
- autoimmune where body attacks its own thyroid gland
due to primary hypothyroidism ( low thyroid hormone production)
what does Hashimoto autoimmune lead to?
chronic inflammation
what happens to Hashimoto when thyroid gland makes more TSH?
because there’s low T3/4 NFB happens where the pituitary gland releases more TSH.this increase of TSH is an attempt by body to make more thyroid hormone but in Hashimoto, the damaged tissues fail to respond
process of cortisol hormone NFB
- hypo senses low cortisol levels and release CRH
- CRH makes pituitary galnd release ACTH
- ACTH goes in blood and stimulate adrenal gland to release cortisol
- as cortisol levels in blood are high sends a signal to hypo to reduce CRH and also to pituitary gland to stop ACTH
what 2 hormones does the posterior pituitary gland store/release? and what are they produced by and location?
oxytocin
ADH
both produced by neurons in hypothalamus
where is ADH produced and released? and define Hypothalamic osmoreceptors
produced in hypothalamus
released in pituitary gland
Hypothalamic osmoreceptors: specialised cells that monitor conc of solutes (salt and water)
what is ADH and what does it have to do with collecting ducts?
ADH= doesnt waste water thru urine and is released to save water
thats why ADH acts on collecting ducts making sure no water is wastd in urin making it high in conc and instead rebasorbed back into body
