5.1 Study Guide Flashcards
(14 cards)
Protons
Charge positive, mass 1 amu, location nucleus, determine what the element will be.
Neutrons
Neutral charge, mass 1 amu, location nucleus, Holds the nucleus
Electrons
Negative charge, mass little to none, location electron cloud, Shared reactivity
Def of Isotope
The same element with different number of neutrons
Which charges attract or repel
Opposites attract and two of the same charges repel.
The relationship between coulombic attraction and amount of charge
The more amount of charge the more attraction. Direct relationship
The relationship between coulombic attraction and distance
Inverse relationship, The distance increases while the force attraction decreases.
Definition of electronegativity
Measure of the tendency of an atom to attract electrons.
Determine the atomic mass, element, and ion charge of an atom based on # of protons, electrons, and neutrons
Atomic mass: The sum of protons and neutrons. The element: number of protons. The ion charge is the protons minus the electrons.
Determine the # of protons, electrons, and neutrons when given the element, atomic mass, and ion charge
Number of protons is the atomic number. Neutrons subtract atomic number from atomic mass, Either subtract ion charge from atomic number or add them to find number of electrons.
why isotopes can be useful in scientific research
They act as tracers
Pick which atom has a stronger or weaker attraction for valence electrons and explain why
Lithium would be stronger because its orbitals are closer to the nucleus compared to sodium
Pick which atom has a higher electronegativity and explain why
Oxygen has a higher electronegativity since its moving across the periodic table from left to right and the electronegativity increases then compared to carbon.
