8.4 Study guide Flashcards
(14 cards)
Def codon
sequence of three amino which form a genetic code of DNA
def anticodon
A sequence of three amino acids forming a unit of genetic code in a change in RNA molecule
def translation
def start codon
the first codon of a messenger RNA
def stop codon
A sequence of three nucleotide that signal the proteins to stop in the RNA molecule.
def negative transcrition factor
A protein that reduces transcription factors.
def positive transcription factor
def affinity
the strength of attraction between two substances
def mutation
Change in the base sequence in a molecule of DNA
mRNA
Contain messages for amino acid sequence.
tRNA
transfers amino acids, contain anticodon that pair with mRNA
rRNA
Facilitates matching of mRNA and RNA
types of mutations
Silent/synonymous- Doesnt change amino acids sequence
Missense- Genes changed, single base pair is changed.
Nonsense- Stopping the protein chain early
Frameshift- Insertions, deletions, shift in reading frame
