Social Psych 2

Question 1

impression formation

Answer 1

forming of first knowledge a person has about another person

includes assigning other person to a number of categories and drawing conclusions about what that person is likely to do

Question 2

primacy effect in impression formation

Answer 2

first time people meet someone, they form an impression of that person, often based on physical appearance alone, that persists even though they may later have other contradictory information about that person

Question 3

social categorization

Answer 3

assignment of new person to category/group based on characteristics the new person has in common with other people or groups with whom the perceiver has had prior experience
mostly automatic, not conscious awareness often

Question 4

stereotype

Answer 4

a belief that a set of characteristics is shared by all members of a particular social category

Question 5

implicit personality theory

Answer 5

sets of assumptions that people have about how different types of people, personality traits, and actions are all related and form in childhood

Question 6

schema

Answer 6

mental patterns/groups

Question 7

attribution

Answer 7

the process of explaining both one’s own behavior and the behavior of other people

Question 8

attribution theory

Answer 8

originally developed by header
explains why things happen and why people choose bx explanations they do
external causes and internal causes

Question 9

situational cause

Answer 9

when the cause of behavior is assumed to be from external sources
observed behavior assumed to be caused by situation that exists for person at the time

Question 10

dispositional cause

Answer 10

cause of behavior assumed to come from within the individual
person’s internal personality characteristics that are seen as the cause of the observed behavior

Question 11

fundamental attribution error

Answer 11

tendency for people observing someone else’s actions to overestimate the influence of that person’s internal characteristics on behavior and underestimate the influence of the situation

Question 12

actor observer bias

Answer 12

in explaining our own bx, the tendency to use situational attributions instead of personal
people tend to explain actions of others with dispositional causes rather than looking for outside causes, opposite for self

Question 13

main takeaway in many studies

Answer 13

US is bad (more fundamental attribution errors, more implicit associations) and other countries better, especially in Asia

Question 14

three main fields in social psych

Answer 14

social influence, social cognition, and social interactions

Question 15

prejudice

Answer 15

when a person holds an unsupported and often negative stereotyped attitude about the members of a particular social group

Question 16

discrimination

Answer 16

when prejudicial attitudes cause members of a particular social group to be treated differently than others in situations that call for equal treatment

Question 17

prejudice v discrimination

Answer 17

prejudice is attitude, discrimination is bx that results from attitude
discrimination can be controlled/eliminated, but prejudice cannot (as easily, at least)

Question 18

ethnocentrism

Answer 18

belief that your culture reigns supreme over all other cultures

Question 19

in group

Answer 19

all the people with whom a person identifies

Question 20

out group

Answer 20

people who person doesn’t identify with; everyone who’s not in the in groups

Question 21

scapegoat

Answer 21

a person or group, typically members of an out group, who serves as the target for the frustrations and negative emotions of members in the in group

Question 22

social cognitive theory

Answer 22

using cognitive processes in relation to understanding the social world

Question 23

realistic conflict theory (of prejudice)

Answer 23

increasing prejudice and discrimination are closely tied to an increasing degree of conflict between the in group and out group when those groups are seeking a common resource

Question 24

iowa jane elliot eyes experiment

Answer 24

blue eyes rule then brown eyes rule show kids about discrimination

Question 25

social identity theory

Answer 25

three processes responsible for formation of a person’s identity within a particular social group and the attitudes, concepts, and behavior that go along with identification with that group
social categorization, identification, and social comparison

Question 26

social categorization

Answer 26

people assign themselves to social categories to help determine how they should behave

Question 27

identification

Answer 27

formation of social identity

Question 28

social identity

Answer 28

the part of the self concept that includes the view of oneself as a member of a particular social group within the social category (typically the in group)

Question 29

social comparison

Answer 29

festinger’s concept

people compare themselves favorably to others to improve their own self esteem

Question 30

stereotype vulnerability

Answer 30

the effect that a person’s knowledge of another’s stereotyped opinions can have on that person’s behavior
could cause them to fit stereotype

Question 31

self fulfilling prophecy

Answer 31

effect that expectations can have on outcomes

Question 32

stereotype threat

Answer 32

members of a stereotyped group are made anxious and wary of any situation in which their behavior might confirm a stereotype

Question 33

intergroup contact

Answer 33

best way to learn about others

having direct contact with others and having the opportunity to see them as people rather than outsiders

Question 34

equal status contact

Answer 34

all in same situation, with neither group holding power over the other
shown to reduce prejudice and discrimination, along with ongoing, positive, cooperation

Question 35

jigsaw classroom

Answer 35

students have to work together to reach a specific goal
each student given piece of the puzzle aka info necessary for solving the problem and reaching the goal
interaction between diverse groups increased