Motivation 3

Question 1

cannon

Answer 1

stomach contractions aka hunger pangs increase hunger

presence of food in stomach stops contractions and appeases hunger drive

Question 2

insulin and glucagon

Answer 2

hormones secreted by pancreas to control levels of fats, proteins, and carbohydrates in the whole body, including glucose (blood sugar)

Question 3

insulin v glucagon specific

Answer 3

insulin reduces level of glucose in bloodstream

glucagon increases level of glucose in bloodstream

Question 4

leptin

Answer 4

hormone
one of factors that controls appetite
when released into bloodstream, signals hypothalamus that body has had enough food

Question 5

ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH)

Answer 5

helps stop eating response when glucose levels go up

if don’t have, don’t stop eating (but picky eater)

Question 6

lateral hypothalamus (LH)

Answer 6

seems to influence onset of eating when insulin levels go up

stop eating

Question 7

weight set point

Answer 7

particular level of weight body tries to maintain

injury to hypothalamus changes this

Question 8

basal metabolic rate (BMR)

Answer 8

rate at which body burns energy when a person is resting
if decreases, weight set point increases
if increases, weight set point decreases

Question 9

social components of hunger

Answer 9

social cues
classical conditioning
conventions
decrease stress/deal with emotions
cultural and gender factors

Question 10

obesity

Answer 10

body weight of person is 20% or more over the ideal body weight for that person’s height
significant factor is heredity, hormones also play a role, and overeating

Question 11

cartoon characters influence children’s food and taste preferences

Answer 11

yes
prefer (sugary) foods with characters on them

Question 12

anorexia nervosa/anorexia

Answer 12

person (typically young and female) reduces eating to the point that their body weight is significantly low, or less than minimally expected
hormone secretion becomes abnormal, especially in thyroid and adrenal glands, heart muscles weak
obsessed with exercising and eating food
distorted body image
40-60% recover, highest mortality rate

Question 13

bulimia nervosa/bulimia

Answer 13

person develops cycle of binging (overeating huge amounts of food in one sitting) and then using inappropriate methods for avoiding weight gain
purge food from body
similar to anorexia but usually older people, often normal weight
tooth decay, erosion of esophagus lining, more
similar treatment, SSRIs

Question 14

binge prompters

Answer 14

anxious or sad mood, social stressors, feelings about body weight or image, intense hunger
binge continues bc lack of self control

Question 15

binge-eating disorder

Answer 15

uncontrolled mine eating

but don’t purge or use other inappropriate methods for avoiding weight gain