7.2 – Histology of osseous tissue

Question 1

where do you find osteogenic cells?

Answer 1

endosteum and periosteum

Question 2

T or F:
the bone cells responsible for the formation of the organic bone matrix are called chondrocytes

Answer 2

F
osteoblasts are responsible for formation of organic bone matrix. They deposit bone matrix and eventually become osteocytes

(chondrocytes produce and maintain the cartilaginous matrix.)

Question 3

what describes the lacunae of osseous tissue?

Answer 3

spaces b/n lamellae that contain osteocytes

Question 4

the central canal is…

Answer 4

the hollow canal in the center of the osteon

Question 5

caniculi are the…

Answer 5

tiny canals radiating from the lacunae

Question 6

what are mature bone cells found w/in lacunae of compact bone called?

Answer 6

osteocytes

Question 7

the stem cells that form osteoblasts are the ___

Answer 7

osteogenic cells

Question 8

T or F:
osteocytes and osteoclasts develop from the same type of stem cell

Answer 8

F
(osteogenic cells, osteoblasts, and osteocytes all belong to one cell lineage, but osteoclasts have an independent origin)

Question 9

osteoblasts secretes the hormone ___

Answer 9

osteocalcin

Question 10

what is the hollow space in which an osteocyte resides called?

Answer 10

lacuna

Question 11

canaliculus (what is it)

Answer 11

narrow channel connecting neighboring lacunae

Question 12

perforating canal (what is it)

Answer 12

connects central canals of 2 neighboring osteons

Question 13

central canal (what is it)

Answer 13

single large opening at the center of an osteon

Question 14

layers of bony matrix arranged around the central canal of an osteon are called ___ lamellae

Answer 14

concentric

Question 15

which layer of tissue lines the internal surfaces of a bone?

Answer 15

endosteum

Question 16

the periosteum covers the…

Answer 16

outer surface of a bone

Question 17

the perichondrium is…

Answer 17

a layer of dense irregular connective tissue which surrounds cartilage

Question 18

the basic structural unit of compact bone is the ___

Answer 18

osteon

Question 19

osteocytes are former ___

Answer 19

osteoblasts

Question 20

trabeculae and spicules are found in ___ bone

Answer 20

spongy

Question 21

the action carried out by osteoclasts is ___

Answer 21

osteolylsis

Question 22

hydroxyapatite makes up part of which component of the bony matrix?

Answer 22

inorganic

hydroxyapatite is a calcium phosphate salt and is therefore inorganic (mineral)

Question 23

bone marrow fills the space b/n trabeculae in ___ bone tissue

Answer 23

spongy

Question 24

lacunae are located b/n concentric rings of compact bone tissue called what?

Answer 24

lamellae

Question 25

interstitial lamella are...

Answer 25

fragments of old Haversian systems found b/n enact osteons

Question 26

osteons are...

Answer 26

the basic structural units of compact bone, consisting of a central canal and its lamellae

Question 27

canaliculi are...

Answer 27

slender channels connecting neighboring lacunae

Question 28

osteocytes are...

Answer 28

former osteoblasts that have become trapped in the matrix they deposited, thus residing in the lacunae

Question 29

in adults, which bone marrow is limited to the axial skeleton, pectoral and pelvic girdles, and proximal heads of the humerus and femur?

Answer 29

red most of the marrow in the adult turns to yellow bone marrow, but red bone marrow remains in the axial skeleton, pectoral and pelvic girdles, and the epiphyses of the humerus and femur

Question 30

in longitudinal views, osteons are ___

Answer 30

cylinders

Question 31

what is the function of red bone marrow?

Answer 31

blood cell production

Question 32

what are the thin plates forming spongy bone called?

Answer 32

trabeculae

Question 33

T or F: osteocytes and osteoclasts develop from the same type of stem cell

Answer 33

false (osteogenic cells, osteoblasts, and osteocytes all belong to one cell lineage, but osteoclasts have an independent origin)

Question 34

which of the following is a function of yellow bone marrow?

Answer 34

storage of energy (yellow bone marrow is a storage location of adipose cells, which store energy)

Question 35

what are the spaces b/n trabeculae in spongy bone filled with?

Answer 35

bone marrow (red marrow is found in the spongy bone of the epiphysis of a long bone, whereas yellow marrow is found in the medullary (marrow) cavity of the diaphysis)

Question 36

during intramembranous ossification, bone matrix is deposited by which type of cells?

Answer 36

osteoblasts

Question 37

where is red bone marrow found in the bones of a child?

Answer 37

almost all bones

Question 38

in which of the following does blood cell production occur?

Answer 38

red bone marrow

Question 39

fatty bone marrow that no longer produces blood cells is called ___ bone marrow

Answer 39

yellow