Acute Inflammation 8-4-15 Flashcards
DAMPS/PAMPS + TLRs on monocytes form what? What does this do?
Inflammasome
- Activates Caspase-1
- Cleaves IL1 to active form which sets inflammatory cytokines in action
What do IL-1 and TNF alpha do?
increase adhesion molecules
What happens once you have chemokines?
marginal flow of neutrophils–>lectins and proteoglycans cause stick and roll
What do chemoattractants do?
activate membrane receptors on the innate cells that then activate cytoskeleton *actin
changes that move the cell along the gradient to the site of inflammation
What promotes monocyte chemotaxis? What happens once monocytes come?
neutrophil degranulation
-monocytes send signal to stop neutrophils from coming
What is Left shift?
Marrow starts sending out slightly immature cells-band form
What is the half life of a neutrophil?
12 feet in blood
1-2 inches at inflammatory site
How do neutrophils kill and degrade?
- degraunlation
- oxidative burst
- activation of NADPH generated H202
- lysosomal enzyme donate MPO
- MPO+halide = HOCl
How do NETs work?
PMN sacrifice nucleus by casting its chromatin laden with killer granules out of the cell as a net to trap bacteria and fungi
What happens when there is no TLR or phagocytic receptor activation?
- decreased pro-inflammatory mediator synthesis and release
- macrophages sense this as they clean up dying neutrophils
- predominant cytokines TGF b and IL10
TGF b and IL 10
anti-inflammatory cytokines
set up for healing and wound repair
What are the types of acute inflammation from least severe to most severe?
- serous (transudate)
- fibrinous
- suppurative/abscess(exudate)
Special category. ulcerative
Serous (transudate)
protein poor
from space peritoneal to pericardial or pleural
Fibrinous
Fluid with larger molecules dominated by fibrinogen which converts to fibrin and potential scarring
Supperative/abscess
protein rich fluid with inflammatory cell, alive and dead necrotic debris
