Anatomy- the Brain Flashcards Preview

Biology > Anatomy- the Brain > Flashcards

Flashcards in Anatomy- the Brain Deck (20)
Loading flashcards...
1
Q

Cerebral Hemisphere:

What part of the brain?
Name the 3 regions
Name the 5 lobes

A

Superior part of brain- 83% of total mass

3 regions:cerebral cortex(gray matter), white matter, and basal nuclei

5 lobes:frontal,parietal, temporal, occipital and insula

2
Q

Cerebral Cortex:

A

Conscious mind, awareness, communication, memory and understanding & inhibition of voluntary movements

3
Q

Primary(Somatic) Motor cortex:

A

Large neurons that allow voluntary skeletal muscle movement.

4
Q

Promotor Cortex:

A

Controls learned repetitious or patterned motor skills(playing musical instruments, typing)

5
Q

Broca’s area:

A

In on hemisphere(left)

Controls motor speech- controls muscles of tongue, throat, and lips during speech.

6
Q

Cerebral dominance

A

One hemisphere dominant for language.

7
Q

Thalamus:

A

Sorts and edits sensory information c& relays to appropriate area of sensory context and association areas

8
Q

Hypothalamus

A

Connected to the pituitary glad by stalk called infundibulum

Controls homeostasis

9
Q

Epithalamus

A

Pineal gland: secretes hormone melatonin-helps in regulation of sleep-wake cycle

10
Q

Brain Stem: midbrain

A

Visual reflex centers, auditory relay

11
Q

Brain stem: Pons

A

The Pons serves as a message station between several areas of the brain. It helps relay messages from the cortex and the cerebellum. Without the pons, the brain would not be able to function because messages would not be able to be transmitted, or passed along. It also plays a key role in sleep and dreaming, where REM sleep, or the sleeping state where dreaming is most likely to occur, has been proven to originate here, in the pons.

12
Q

Brain Stem: Medulla Oblongata

A

Controls heart rate, breathing rate, vomiting, coughing.

13
Q

Brain Stem: Cerebellum

A

Processes information from motor centers from sensory pathways

Helps regulate balance and posture.

14
Q

Limbic System/Emotional Brain—-Amygdala

A

Recognizes angry and fearful expressions, assesses danger and elicits fear response.

15
Q

Lambic System/ Emotional Brian—-cingulate

A

Regulation of expression of emotions and feelings of frustration

16
Q

Hippocampus

A

Plays a roll in long-term memory

17
Q

Reticular activating system:

A

Helps regulate skeletal & visceral muscle activity.

18
Q

Anterograde Amnesia:

A

loss of the ability to create new memories after the event that caused the amnesia, can still learn skills

19
Q

Retrograde Amnesia:

A

Loss of memories formed in the distant past.

20
Q

3 connective tissues external to the brain:

Name and describe

A
  1. Dura Matter- outer layer
  2. Arachnoid - middle layer
  3. Pia matter - innermost layer; just superior to the context