Anti-Anginal Drugs

Question 1

unstable angina is?

Answer 1

always an emergency

Question 2

what is a main drug treatment therapeutic goal of angina?

Answer 2

reduce the metabolic demands of the heart

Question 3

how do organic nitrates help angina?

Answer 3

they dilate coronary arteries and reduce afterload and preload

Question 4

what are the prototypes of organic nitrates?

Answer 4

nitroglycerin and isosorbide mononitrate

Question 5

why isn’t nitroglycerin given PO?

Answer 5

it has a large first pass effect

Question 6

which organic nitrate ca be taken orally?

Answer 6

isosorbide mononitrate. It has a high bioavailability

Question 7

what is a classic and predictable adverse effect in those taking organic nitrates?

Answer 7

headache

Question 8

what are the 3 adverse effects of organic nitrates?

Answer 8

headache, postural hypotension and reflex tachycardia

Question 9

how to avoid tolerance when taking organic nitrates?

Answer 9

take the patch off before bed

Question 10

what are the beta blockers used for angina?

Answer 10

atenolol, metoprolol and propanolol

Question 11

How should beta blockers be used for angina?

Answer 11

prophylacticly

Question 12

which beta blocker can be used for headaches?

Answer 12

propanolol

Question 13

what are the cardiovascular adverse effects of beta blockers

Answer 13

bradycardia, hypotension, second or third degree heart block and heart failure

Question 14

prototype for calcium channel blockers used for angine

Answer 14

diltiazem

Question 15

calcium channel blockers mechanism of action

Answer 15

reduce myocardial contractility and cause arterial vasodilation

Question 16

how to avoid constipation associated with CCBs?

Answer 16

ensure adequate fluid intake and high fibre foods