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Pharmacology > Antihypertensives > Flashcards

Antihypertensives Flashcards

1
Q

What is the prototype for ACE inhibitors?

A

Captopril

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2
Q

What is the drug of choice for hypertensive clients with heart failure or diabetics?

A

ACE inhibitors (captopril)

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3
Q

ACE inhibitors prevent the breakdown of?

A

Bradykinin, a good vasodilator

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4
Q

What is a common adverse effect of ACE inhibitors?

A

Dry, non productive cough due to bradykinin

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5
Q

What is the prototype for ARBs?

A

Losartan

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6
Q

Are ARBs usually combine with ACEIs?

A

No

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7
Q

Do ARBs produce a dry non productive cough?

A

No

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8
Q

What are the prototypes for CCBs?

A

Diltiazem, verapamil and amlodipine

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9
Q

Amlodipine is different than other CCBs because?

A

It is vascular selective

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10
Q

What is a major adverse effect of verapamil/diltiazem?

A

Constipation

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11
Q

What is a common adverse effect with all CCBs?

A

Flushing

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12
Q

Which CCB does constipation occur less in?

A

Amlodipine

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13
Q

What is the prototype for BBs used for hypertension?

A

Metoprolol

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14
Q

What is the prototype for centrally acting alpha 2 adrenergic receptor agonists?

A

Methyldopa

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15
Q

What is the only hypertensive agent used in pregnancy?

A

Methyldopa

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16
Q

What is the main adverse effect of alpha adrenergic agents?

A

Orthostatic hypotension

17
Q

What is the prototype for vasodilators?

A

Hydralazine

18
Q

which drugs are often used as a first line treatment for hypertension and HF?

A

ACEIs

19
Q

what is a medication interaction of ACEIs?

A

potassium supplements and potassium sparring diuretics

20
Q

anyone over 60 will not solely be put on?

A

beta blockers

21
Q

beta adrenergic receptor blockers act mainly in the?

A

heart

22
Q

Beta blockers will create?

A

an intolerance to exercise

23
Q

beta blockers are contraindicated in?

A

those with asthma because relaxation would be inhibited as receptor sites would be blocked

24
Q

peripherally acting alpha 1 receptor antagonists can?

A

relieve symptoms of BPH

25
Q

IV sodium nitroprusside and diazoxide are reserved for?

A

the management of hypertensive emergencies

26
Q

what is a main adverse effect of the vasodilator, hydralazine?

A

tachycardia

27
Q

what is a main adverse effect of the vasodilator, sodium nitroprusside?

A

hypotension

28
Q

why shouldn’t antihypertensive drugs be stopped abruptly?

A

because it may cause a rebound hypertensive crisis which may lead to stroke

29
Q

clients taking antihypertensives should be instructed to change positions slowly to avoid?

A

dizziness and fainting

Pharmacology (27 decks)

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