Respiratory Drugs

Question 1

when beta 2 adrenergic receptors are activated…

Answer 1

it promotes relaxation

Question 2

when muscarinic cholinergic receptors are activated they?

Answer 2

cause the cell to contract

Question 3

beta 2 adrenergic agonists prototype?

Answer 3

salbutamol

Question 4

anticholinergics prototype?

Answer 4

ipratropium bromide (atrovent)

Question 5

xanthine derivatives prototypes?

Answer 5

theophylline/Aminophylline

Question 6

inhaled glucocorticoid prototypes?

Answer 6

budesonide and fluticasone

Question 7

leukotriene modifier prototype?

Answer 7

montelukast

Question 8

when is salbutamol used?

Answer 8

for acute attacks

Question 9

is salbutamol selective or nonselective?

Answer 9

selective for B2 receptors

Question 10

what are common adverse effects with all beta 2 agonists?

Answer 10

tachycardia, tremors, restlessness and insomnia

Question 11

what are common care implications regarding beta agonists?

Answer 11

avoiding smoking and ensuring adequate fluid intake to thin secretions

Question 12

ipratropium bromide is used to?

Answer 12

prevent bronchoconstriction

Question 13

what is a common adverse effect of ipratropium bromide?

Answer 13

dry mouth or throat due to inhibition of PNS

Question 14

major adverse effects of theophylline and aminophylline ?

Answer 14

palpitations, sinus tachycardia and ventricular dysrhythmias

Question 15

drug interaction that causes increased effects of theophylline and aminophylline?

Answer 15

ciprofloxacin

Question 16

what causes decreased effects of xanthines?

Answer 16

St. Johns wort (increases metabolism)

Question 17

dietary interactions that lower blood levels of xanthines

Answer 17

high protein and low carb diets and charcoal BBQing

Question 18

inhaled glucocorticoids are used for?

Answer 18

chronic asthma and COPD

Question 19

Oral/IV glucocorticoids are used for?

Answer 19

severe/short-term treatment of asthma and COPD

Question 20

what is a major adverse effect of inhaled glucocorticoids ?

Answer 20

oral fungal infections. Prevent by rinsing mouth out with water after use

Question 21

what do leukotrienes cause?

Answer 21

inflammation, bronchoconstriction and mucous production

Question 22

montelukast is used for?

Answer 22

prophylaxis and chronic treatment of asthma in adults and children

Question 23

montelukast is approved in Canada for children ages?

Answer 23

2 and older

Question 24

when should improvement be seen when taking leukotriene modifiers?

Answer 24

1 day to 1 week

Question 25

how should leukotriene modifiers be taken?

Answer 25

on a continuous schedule