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II. Pharmacology > Antidepressants (M3) > Flashcards

Antidepressants (M3) Flashcards

1
Q

What is the criteria for the diagnosis of major depressive disorder?

A

Display 5 or more or following:

  1. depressed mood or anhedonia
  2. change in weight or appetite
  3. insomnia or hypersomnia
  4. psychomotor agitation or retardation
  5. fatigue or loss of energy
  6. feelings of guilt or worthlessness
  7. difficulty thinking, concentrating or making decisions
  8. suicidal ideation
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2
Q

What are the causes of MDD?

A
  1. biological differences in brain
  2. Brain chemistry (NT)
  3. hormones (thyroid, menopause)
  4. inherited traits
  5. life events
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3
Q

What conditions (other than depression) are antidepressants used?

A
  1. panic disorder
  2. generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)
  3. post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
  4. obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD)
  5. pain disorders
  6. premenstural dysphoric disorder (PMDD)
  7. menopasue vasomotor symptoms
  8. urinary incontinence
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4
Q

For the neurotrophic hypothesis for MDD what is the major chemical that impacts neuronal survival and growth?

A

BDNF

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5
Q

What is the hypothesis for MDD that says that it is elated to deficiency in amount or function of cortical and limbic serotonin (5-HT), NE, DA?

A

monoamine hypothesis

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6
Q

What drug depleted monoamines and can lead to depression?

A

reserpine

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7
Q

What do antidepressants increase the synaptic availability of?

A
  1. 5-HT
  2. NE
  3. DA
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8
Q

During depression, what happens to the glutamate level in the CSF?

A

it increases

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9
Q

What are the hormonal abnormalities associated with depression?

A
  1. elevated cortisol (non-suppression of ACTH)
  2. elevated thyroxine
  3. estrogen and testosterone deficiency
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10
Q

For MAO-A:

  1. What type of neurons are they found in?
  2. What parts of body are they found?
  3. What are the substrates?
A
  1. DA and NE
  2. brain, gut, placenta, liver
  3. NE, EPI, serotonin
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11
Q

For MAO-B:

  1. What type of neurons are they found in?
  2. What parts of body are they found?
  3. What are the substrates?
A
  1. serotonergic and histaminergic
  2. brain, liver, platelets
  3. DA, tyramine, phenylethylamine, benzylamine
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12
Q

What are the first line antidepressants?

A

SSRIs

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13
Q

What antidepressants have the least association with sexual side effects?

A
  1. SNRIs
  2. bupropion
  3. mirtazapine
  4. nefazodone
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14
Q

What are TCAs and MAOs in terms of order for treatments of MDD?

A

second or third line

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15
Q

What should be avoided in a patients diet if taking MAOI? 1. What drug class should also be avoided? 2

A
  1. tyramine (aged cheese, beer, soy, dried sausages)

2. sympathomimetics

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II. Pharmacology (43 decks)

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