Biology & Brain

Question 1

Hypothalamus function

Answer 1

Maintains homeostasis and integrates with the endocrine

Hunger and thirst; emotion

Feeding, fighting, flighting , fucking

Question 2

Lymbic system function

Answer 2

Emotion & memory

Question 3

Basal ganglia function

Answer 3

Movement

Question 4

Cerebral cortex function

Answer 4

Complex perceptual, cognitive and behavior processes.

Determining Intelligence
Determining Personality
Motor Function
Planning and Organization
Touch Sensation

Question 5

Inferior and superior colliculi is found in what major division of the brain and what is the function?

Answer 5

In the mid brain

Sensorimotor reflexes

Question 6

Cerebellum function

Answer 6

Helps maintain posture and balance and coordinates body movements

Question 7

Medulla oblongata function

Answer 7

Vital functioning (breathing, digestion)

Question 8

Reticular formation function

Answer 8

Arousal and alertness

Question 9

Hindbrain

Answer 9

Controls balance, motor coordination, breathing, digestion and general arousal processes such as sleeping and waking

Question 10

Hindbrain is also known as

Answer 10

Rhombencephalon

Question 11

Pons

Answer 11

Lies in the medulla and contains sensory and motor pathways between the cortex and medulla

Question 12

Midbrain is also known as

Answer 12

Mesencephalon

Question 13

Midbrain

Answer 13

Deals with involuntary reflex responses triggered by visual and auditory stimuli

Question 14

Forebrain also known as

Answer 14

Prosencephalon

Question 15

Telencephalon forms the:

Answer 15

Cerebral cortex
Basal ganglia
Limbic system

Question 16

Diencephalon forms the

Answer 16

Thalamus
Hypothalamus
Posterior pituitary gland
Pineal gland

Question 17

Thalamus function

Answer 17

Consciousness, sleep and sensory interpretation

Question 18

Electroencephalogram (EEG)

Answer 18

Noninvasive mapping procedure
Electric activity generated by larger groups of neurons
Electrodes on scalp

Question 19

Regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF)

Answer 19

Noninvasive mapping procedure

Detects broad patterns of neural activity based on blood flor to different parts of the brain

Relies on the assumption that when a specific cognitive function activates certain regions of the brain, the blood flow to those regions increase.

Question 20

Lateral hypothalamus

Answer 20

The hunger center

Has special receptors to detect when the body needs more food or fluids

Question 21

Ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH)

Answer 21

The “satiety center”

Provides signals to stop eating

Brain lesions in this area lead to obesity

Question 22

Anterior hypothalamus

Answer 22

Controls sexual behavior

Can also regulate sleep and body temperature

Question 23

Posterior pituitary

Answer 23

Secretes: Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) and oxytocin

Question 24

Pineal Gland

Answer 24

Secretes: melatonin

Question 25

Basal ganglia

Answer 25

Found in the middle of the brain Coordinates muscle movement

Question 26

Destructions of portions in the basal ganglia lead to :

Answer 26

Parkinson's disease

Question 27

Septal nuclei

Answer 27

Romario pleasure centers in the brain Mild stimulation leads to intense pleasure

Question 28

Amygdala

Answer 28

Controls fear and aggression

Question 29

Hippocampus

Answer 29

Plays a role in learning and memory Communicates with parts of the Limbic system through an extension called the fornix

Question 30

Anterograde amnesia

Answer 30

Kind of memory loss Can't remember long term memories but could remember events that occurred before brain injury

Question 31

Retrograde amnesia

Answer 31

Kind of memory loss Can't remember events that happened before brain injury

Question 32

Gyri and Sulci

Answer 32

Bumps found on the cortex

Question 33

The cerebral cortex provides _________ to the brain

Answer 33

Increased surface area

Question 34

Visual system DOMINANT hemisphere :

Answer 34

Letters and words

Question 35

Visual system NONDOMINANT hemisphere :

Answer 35

Faces

Question 36

Auditory system DOMINANT hemisphere :

Answer 36

Language - related sounds

Question 37

Auditory system NONDOMINANT hemisphere :

Answer 37

Music

Question 38

Language DOMINANT hemisphere :

Answer 38

Speech, reading, writing, arithmetic

Question 39

Language NONDOMINANT hemisphere :

Answer 39

Emotions

Question 40

Movement DOMINANT hemisphere :

Answer 40

Complex voluntary movement

Question 41

Spatial processes NONDOMINANT hemisphere :

Answer 41

Geometry, sense of direction

Question 42

Prefrontal cortex

Answer 42

Reminds the individual that he or she has something to remember (but does not store an memory traces)

Question 43

Prefrontal cortex communicates with

Answer 43

The reticular formation in the brain stem, telling an individual to wake up or to relax

Question 44

Prefrontal lesions

Answer 44

A person is more impulsive and in less control of his or her behavior or is depressed Can make vulgar and inappropriate sexual remarks

Question 45

Frontal lobe contains

Answer 45

Association area Brocas area Projection area

Question 46

Broca's area

Answer 46

Important for speech production Usually found in the "dominant" hemisphere - left hemisphere

Question 47

Frontal lobe function

Answer 47

Controls executive function, impulse control, long - term planning, motor function and speech production

Question 48

Parental lobe contains

Answer 48

The somatosensory cortex

Question 49

Parental lobe function

Answer 49

Controls sensations of touch, pressure, temperature and pain; spatial processing; orientation; and manipulation

Question 50

Occipital lobe contains

Answer 50

Visual cortex (aka striate cortex)

Question 51

Occipital lobe function

Answer 51

Controls visual processing

Question 52

Temporal lobe contains

Answer 52

Auditory cortex | Wernicke's area

Question 53

Temporal lobe function

Answer 53

Controls sound processing, speech perception, memory and emotion

Question 54

Cerebral hemispheres

Answer 54

2 : left and right For most people, left hemisphere is the most dominant one

Question 55

Dominant hemisphere

Answer 55

Usually the left one Language Logic Math skills Broca's area Wernicke's area

Question 56

Nondominant hemisphere

Answer 56

Usually the right Intuition Creativity Music cognition Spatial processing Less prominent role in Language Interprets language according to its emotional tone

Question 57

what connects both hemispheres of the brain

Answer 57

Corpus collosum