Flashcards in Social Interaction Deck (44)
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1
statuses
positions in society that are used to classify individuals
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ascribed status
a status that is given involuntarily due to such factors as face, ethnicity, gender and family background.
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achieved status
a status that is gained as a result of ones efforts or choices such as being a doctor
4
master status
the status by which a person is most identified
5
role
each status has this
a set of beliefs, values, attitudes, and norms that define expectations for those who hold the status
6
role performance
the carrying out of behaviors associated with a given role.
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role partner
the person with whom one is interacting
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role set
the various roles associated with a status
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role conflict
occurs when one has difficult satisfying the requirements of multiple roles simultaneously
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role strain
difficulty in satisfying multiple requirements of the same role.
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role exit
the dropping of one identity for another
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group
consists of two or more people who share similar characteristics and a sense of unity.
13
peer group
self selected group formed around similar interests, age and statuses
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family group
the group into which an individual is born, adopted married
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in-group
one with which an individual identifies
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out-group
one with which an individual competes or opposes
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reference group
a group to which an individual compares him to herself.
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primary groups
those that contain strong, emotional bonds
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secondary groups
often temporary and contain fewer emotional bonds and weaker bonds overall
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Gemeinschaft (community)
a group unified by feelings of togetherness due to shared believes, ancestry or geography
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Gesellschaft (society)
a group unified by mutual self-interests in achieving a goal
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Groupthink
occurs when members begin to conform to one another's views and ignore outside perspectives
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network
an observable pattern of social relationships between individuals or groups
24
organizations
bodies of people with a structure and future designed to achieve specific goals. They exist outside of each individual's membership within the organization
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characteristic institution
basic organization of society
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bureaucracy
a rational system of political organization, administration, discipline and control
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iron law of oligarchy
states that democratic or bureaucratic systems naturally shift to being ruled by an elite group.
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McDonaldization
commonly used to refer to a shift in focus toward efficiency, predictability, calculability and control in these societies
29
basic model
states that there are universal emotions, along with corresponding expressions which can be understood across cultures.
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social construction model
states that emotions are solely based on the situational context of social interactions
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display rules
unspoken rules that govern the expression of emotion
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cultural syndrome
shared set of beliefs, norms, values and behaviors organized around a central theme as is found among people
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impression management
refers to the maintenance of a public image, which is accomplished through various strategies
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self disclosure
sharing factual information
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managing appearances
using props, appearance, emotional expression or associations to create a positive image
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ingratiation
using flattery or conformity to win over someone else
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aligning actions
the use of excuses to account for questionable behavior
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alter - casting
imposing an identity onto another person
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dramaturgical approach
says that individuals create images of themselves in the same way that actors perform a role in front of an audience
40
front stage
where the individual is seen by the audience and strives to preserve his desired image
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back stage
where the individual is not in front of an audience and is free to act outside of his desired image
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verbal communication
the conveyance of information through spoken, written or signed words
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nonverbal communication
the conveyance of information by means other than the use of words, such as body language, prosody, facial expressions and gestures
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