Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

1st Year Veterinary Cards - Semester 1 > Blood Pressure And Volume > Flashcards

Blood Pressure And Volume Flashcards

1
Q

What is the equation for arterial pressure?

A

= CO X TPR

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the equation for cardiac output?

A

Stroke volume X Heart rate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What two things can you change to alter blood flow?

A

Vascular resistance

Perfusion pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is perfusion pressure?

A

The pressure needed for blood to move through a vessel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is autoregulation of blood pressure?

A

Blood flow matches metabolic demand

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

If outside a normal range of blood pressure, what mechanisms take over?

A

Extrinsic mechanisms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are examples of intrinsic controls?

A

Metabolic auto regulation

Paracrine control

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are paracrine controls?

A

Locally acting cells produce chemicals which alter blood flow rate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is hyperaemia? What are the two types?

A

Increased blood flow to tissues

Active hyperaemia and reactive hyperaemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What chemicals can act as vasodilators during active hyperaemia?

A

CO2
Lactic Acid
Potassium ions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What chemicals act as vasoconstrictors during active hyperaemia?

A

Oxygen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is ischaemia?

A

The restriction of blood supply to a tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is infraction?

A

Tissue death due to inadequate blood supply

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is necrosis?

A

Death of cells due to disease,injury or failed blood supply

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

When does coronary blood flow mainly occur?

A

During diastole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is afterload?

A

The pressure the heart is pumping against

17
Q

What are examples of paracrine controls?

A

Nitric oxide - vasodilation
Local irritation e.g. histamine - vasodilation
Endothelial damage - vasoconstriction (prevent blood loss)

18
Q

What are examples of extrinsic controls?

A

Baroreceptors in the aorta
RAAS -renin angio tensin aldosterone system
Hypothalamus gland
Pituitary gland

19
Q

Where is the cardiovascular centre?

A

Medulla oblongata

20
Q

How do baroreceptors monitor and control blood pressure?

A

Detect stretching in tissue
Rise in atrial pressure
Release action potentials to increase heart rate

21
Q

How does the renin-angio tensin aldosterone system work to raise blood pressure?

A

Renin causes the liver to release angiotensin
Angiotensin released to lung
This and aldosterone from adrenal gland cause vasoconstriction
Anti diuretic hormone causes sodium and water retention in the kidney

22
Q

What is the role of the kidneys in blood pressure?

A

Regulation - sets ‘normal’ value which can be reset

Relies on normal renal function

23
Q

What is Starling’s Law?

A

Hydrostatic and oncotic pressures balance to determine the movement of fluid

1st Year Veterinary Cards - Semester 1 (54 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions